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Nedelcu, Mihaela
Nom
Nedelcu, Mihaela
Affiliation principale
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Professeure titulaire
Email
mihaela.nedelcu@unine.ch
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Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 66
- PublicationAccès libreÀ l’épreuve de l’école à la maison. Expériences et vécu de l’enseignement à distance durant le semi-confinement lié à la pandémie de la Covid-19 pour les élèves issu-e-s de la migration dans le canton de VaudL’enseignement à distance durant le semi-confinement lié à la pandémie de la Covid-19 en Suisse a bouleversé les modes d’apprentissage et d’enseignement. Les élèves issu-e-s de la migration, particulièrement sujet-te-s aux inégalités scolaires, ont fortement été impacté-e-s par la fermeture des écoles. Ce travail de mémoire propose de mettre en lumière les expériences et le vécu de l’enseignement à distance des élèves issu-e-s de la migration dans le canton de Vaud, tout en s’intéressant au rôle que les différent-e-s acteur-ice-s du système scolaire (enseignant-e-s et parents) ont exercé durant cette période. Pour ce faire, dix entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés avec 5 élèves issu-e-s de la migration, 4 enseignant-e-s et un parent, toutes et tous domicilié-e-s dans le canton de Vaud. Les résultats ont montré que les élèves issu-e-s de la migration sont des acteur-ice-s rationnel-le-s et que leur investissement scolaire a été influencé par l’arrêt des évaluations certificatives ainsi que par le manque de soutien scolaire de la part des parents et du corps enseignant. Cette absence de soutien familial est en partie due à la méconnaissance du système scolaire suisse, au manque de capital culturel et à la continuité des activités professionnelles. De plus, le manque de consignes claires quant à l’application de la continuité pédagogique a créé des différences dans les méthodes d’enseignement à distance. Enfin, la disparité de ressources financières allouées aux écoles entre les communes « riches » et « pauvres » provoque des différences dans les conditions d’apprentissage et dans la qualité de l’enseignement. Ces éléments, corrélés à un modèle mixte d’orientation des élèves très peu hétérogène et à la ségrégation spatiale perpétuée par les écoles, renforcent les inégalités scolaires existantes dans le canton de Vaud.
- PublicationRestriction temporaireWhat Is the Nexus between Migration and Mobility? A Framework to Understand the Interplay between Different Ideal Types of Human Movement(2024)
; ; ; ; ; Categorising certain forms of human movement as ‘migration’ and others as ‘mobility’ has far-reaching consequences. We introduce the migration–mobility nexus as a framework for other researchers to interrogate the relationship between these two categories of human movement and explain how they shape different social representations. Our framework articulates four ideal-typical interplays between categories of migration and categories of mobility: continuum (fluid mobilities transform into more stable forms of migration and vice versa), enablement (migration requires mobility, and mobility can trigger migration), hierarchy (migration and mobility are political categories that legitimise hierarchies of movement) and opposition (migration and mobility are pitted against each other). These interplays reveal the normative underpinnings of different categories, which we argue are too often implicit and unacknowledged. - PublicationAccès libreÊtre pompier·ère volontaire : une lecture de l’engagement volontarial par le prisme de la conciliation avec les sphères de vie professionnelle et privée(2023-09-13)
- PublicationRestriction temporaireAgeing transnationally: A comparative analysis of transnational mobilities in old age(2023-08-28)
; This cumulative PhD thesis was developed within the framework of a mixed-methods research project that deals with the transnational mobilities of older adults. More specifically, this PhD research takes an in-depth look at the different kinds of transnational mobilities that are established during retirement and the factors that motivate and influence these movements. To research these topics, it uses a ‘transnational studies perspective’ and a ‘Migration-Mobility-Nexus’ as its conceptual foundation. The overarching topic of transnational ageing is approached from a conceptual, methodological, and empirical perspective. Its conceptual framework is designed to capture the diversity of older adults on the move and other contextual factors circulating across national borders. The methodological chapter of this PhD thesis discusses the value of mixed-methods designs for transnational ageing research. It also presents an in-depth analysis of online interviews and a reflection on the use of such an interview mode in a research project conducted with older individuals. Finally, the empirical chapter deals with the two principal research interests of this PhD thesis involving the different types of transnational mobilities in old age and the main reasons for these. For the empirical analysis, I conducted 45 semi-structured interviews within a Swiss-Spanish case study. These qualitative interviews were carried out between June 2020 and August 2021 with ten couples and 35 individuals. Thus, 55 older adults took part in this PhD research. These individuals lived mostly along the South coast of Spain and were aged between 64 and 89 years old. The participants displayed various pre-retirement migration trajectories, ranging from no migration, to one migration, to multiple migrations. Thus, older adults of various nationalities were involved in the PhD research. In terms of different types of transnational mobilities, two post-retirement mobility patterns emerged from the qualitative data. Indeed, some participants decided to leave Switzerland during retirement and to relocate to Spain; others kept their official residency in Switzerland and spent at least three months per year in Spain. The latter are defined as ‘bi-locals’ in this PhD thesis. The participants who decided to relocate to Spain can be divided into three further categories: 1) people who migrate for the first time during retirement (‘first-time migrants’), 2) people who return to Spain (‘return migrants’), and 3) people who re-emigrate to a new country during retirement (‘onwards migrants’). Therefore, different types of transnational mobilities can be observed in the qualitative data. On the one hand, fluid and short-term mobility patterns are identified. On the other hand, long-term, permanent forms of mobilities that go beyond first-time and return migration are also to be found. One original contribution of this PhD thesis thereby resides in the identification of this diversity within mobility patterns and practices in old age. While transnational ageing research focuses primarily on individuals who move to another country for the first time during retirement or who return to their home country when ceasing work, I also consider patterns of re-emigration in my research. In so doing, I thereby expand transnational ageing scholarship to a hitherto little acknowledged and analysed transnational mobility pattern. In terms of what motivates transnational mobilities in old age, five main factors emerge from the qualitative data: 1) financial concerns; 2) climate-related considerations; 3) a sense of attachment arising from return visits and leisure trips; 4) pivotal life events; and 5) personal ties. The empirical analysis of these factors follows a comparative approach based on the four previously mentioned categories. The empirical findings indicate that older adults with and without a pre-retirement migration experience develop similar transnational mobility patterns. Moreover, important overlapping factors influencing these movements can be observed. For example, a desire to enjoy a warmer climate and the advantages of a slower and healthier lifestyle are important motivational factors in choosing to spend (part of) retirement in another country. Feelings of attachment can also act as a catalyst for migration to Spain. Indeed, qualitative data indicates that older adults with and without a pre-retirement migration experience develop such feelings through regular return travel, tourism, and family ties. There are, however, also important differences between the four categories of older adults, as in the case of financial concerns. Indeed, individuals who had lived and worked in Switzerland their entire lives received, generally speaking, larger pensions, as they had little or no gaps in their old-age and survivor’s insurance (OASI). In addition, comparative analysis indicates that bi-local older adults – with and without pre-retirement migration trajectories – chose a dual residency strategy for similar reasons. By examining the differences and similarities between the various categories of older adults, this PhD thesis wishes to contribute in a significant way to our understanding of various transnational mobility practices developed in old age. In so doing, it wishes to expand transnational ageing research, which often focuses primarily on one specific (migrant) category within a research project. Furthermore, this PhD research demonstrates that bi-locality is a specific post-retirement mobility pattern motivated by factors other than those linked to relocation. While this mobility pattern has been mainly portrayed as an alternative strategy to relocation, this PhD thesis proves that bi-locality is a deliberately chosen form of mobility. - PublicationAccès libreA configurational approach to transnational families: Who and where is one's family in the case of mobile older adults?(2023)
; - PublicationRestriction temporaireA retirement mobilities approach to transnational ageing(2023)
; ; ; Liliana AzevedoTransnational ageing processes are usually studied by focusing on the various cross-border practices and mobilities of different categories of ageing migrants. This paper introduces a retirement mobilities approach as an analytical framework that draws on both transnational studies and the new mobilities paradigm to widen the theoretical and empirical debates. It argues that both migrant and non-migrant populations, as well as human and non-human cross-border circulations, have to be taken into account when studying transnational ageing. Based on a mixed-methods study combining original data from a quantitative survey conducted in Switzerland with residents 55+ and semi-structured interviews held in Spain and Switzerland with older adults receiving a Swiss pension, we demonstrate the heuristic value of this approach. Indeed, empirical findings indicate that older adults with and without a migration background represent an internationally mobile population with similar mobility aspirations and transnational lifestyles. However, the motivations driving these two groups’ transnational mobility differ significantly. Moreover, transnational circulations of financial resources, and in particular retirement pensions, are interlinked with mobility in old age. To conclude, a retirement mobilities approach sets a new research agenda, inviting scholars to examine transnational ageing beyond the ageing-migration nexus. - PublicationAccès libreEuropean instruments for the deportation of foreigners and their uses by France and Switzerland: the application of the Dublin III Regulation and Eurodac(2020-8-28)
; The European Union put in place instruments for the deportation of foreigners that gained much importance. This article describes the multiplicity and diversity of these instruments. To analyse them more clearly, it distinguishes three types: legal, organisational and technological. The article equally points to the increasing relevance of technological tools, especially the use of biometrics. It also looks at how a founding member of the EU, France, and an associated country, Switzerland, utilise these European instruments to deport foreigners by focusing on the Dublin III Regulation as well as the Eurodac database, jointly referred to as the Dublin System. Grounding on a comparative study combining documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this article describes the similarities and differences in the use of the Dublin System in these two countries. Moreover, it also reveals these countries’ specificities with regard to the roles played by local and national administrative bodies, and associative actors. The paper ends by concluding that to fully understand the deportation process in the European context as well as in certain countries, a multifaceted approach is required to make sense of the various interactions taking place between local, national and supranational frameworks, actors and practices. - PublicationAccès libreIntersections between Ageing and Migration: Current Trends and Challenges(2020-7-6)
; - PublicationAccès librePrecarious migrants, migration regimes and digital technologies: the empowerment-control nexus(2020)
; The European Union put in place instruments for the deportation of foreigners that gained much importance. This article describes the multiplicity and diversity of these instruments. To analyse them more clearly, it distinguishes three types: legal, organisational and technological. The article equally points to the increasing relevance of technological tools, especially the use of biometrics. It also looks at how a founding member of the EU, France, and an associated country, Switzerland, utilise these European instruments to deport foreigners by focusing on the Dublin III Regulation as well as the Eurodac database, jointly referred to as the Dublin System. Grounding on a comparative study combining documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this article describes the similarities and differences in the use of the Dublin System in these two countries. Moreover, it also reveals these countries’ specificities with regard to the roles played by local and national administrative bodies, and associative actors. The paper ends by concluding that to fully understand the deportation process in the European context as well as in certain countries, a multifaceted approach is required to make sense of the various interactions taking place between local, national and supranational frameworks, actors and practices.