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- PublicationAccès libreDisentangling modal meanings with distributional semantics(2020)Abstract This article investigates the collocational behavior of English modal auxiliaries such as may and might with the aim of finding corpus-based measures that distinguish between different modal expressions and that allow insights into why speakers may choose one over another in a given context. The analysis uses token-based semantic vector space modeling (Heylen et al., 2015, Monitoring polysemy. Word space models as a tool for large-scale lexical semantic analysis. Lingua, 157: 153–72; Hilpert and Correia Saavedra, 2017, Using token-based semantic vector spaces for corpus-linguistic analyses: From practical applications to tests of theoretical claims. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory) in order to determine whether different modal auxiliaries can be distinguished in terms of their collocational profiles. The analysis further examines whether different senses of the same auxiliary exhibit divergent collocational preferences. The results indicate that near-synonymous pairs of modal expressions, such as may and might or must and have to, differ in their distributional characteristics. Also, different senses of the same modal expression, such as deontic and epistemic uses of may, can be distinguished on the basis of distributional information. We discuss these results against the background of previous empirical findings (Hilpert, 2016, Construction Grammar and its Application to English, 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, Flach, in press, Beyond modal idioms and modal harmony: a corpus-based analysis of gradient idiomaticity in modal-adverb collocations. English Language and Linguistics) and theoretical issues such as degrees of grammaticalization (Correia Saavedra, 2019, Measurements of Grammaticalization: Developing a Quantitative Index for the Study of Grammatical Change. PhD Dissertation, Université de Neuchâtel) and the avoidance of synonymy (Bolinger, 1968, Entailment and the meaning of structures. Glossa, 2(2): 119–27).
- PublicationAccès libreThe role of plant root systems in evolutionary adaptation(2019)Roots provide a means to plants for gathering belowground resources. They are plastic and can adapt to ever-changing environmental cues. The plasticity of the roots comes from their ability to branch out by developing lateral and/or adventitious roots. In this chapter, we make an attempt to document the diversity in plant root systems and understand their role in evolutionary adaptation. After a brief introduction to different root systems, such as homorhizic and allorhizic ones, the relationship of plant roots with their surroundings, i.e., the rhizosphere and its effect on adaptation, will be discussed. Despite the difficulty to conclusively construct a timeline of evolution of plant root systems, documented facts from previous publications are examined and an effort has been made to delve into how rooting structures in plants adapted to prevailing conditions by bringing about endogenous changes vis-à-vis evolutionary development and exogenous changes to their surroundings.
- PublicationAccès libreReduced statement credibility in interpreter-mediated interviews(2023-04-14)In this article, we examine whether the participation of an interpreter in police–suspect investigative interviews affects the perception of statement credibility based on the written record of the interview and, whether this relationship is influenced by the interaction style as depicted in the written record. This study thus addresses the question of whether the credibility problems observed in interpreter-mediated investigative interviews are carried forward to the case file and is based on the content analysis of 102 actual written records of police–suspect interviews conducted in Switzerland. Our results show, first, that written suspect statements are indeed considered to be less credible when an interpreter participates in the interview. Second, this effect is mediated by the questioning style and the fragmentation of discourse. According to the written records of interpreter-mediated interviews, interviewers use a more controlling questioning style and suspects provide shorter answers, which in turn results in reduced statement credibility.
- PublicationAccès libreUsing Nonword Repetition to Identify Developmental Language Disorder in Monolingual and Bilingual Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(2021)Purpose: A wealth of studies has assessed the diagnostic value of the nonword repetition task (NWRT) for the detection of developmental language disorder (DLD) in the clinical context of speech and language therapy, first in monolingual children and, more recently, in bilingual children. This review article reviews this literature systematically and conducts a meta-analysis on the discriminative power of this type of task in both populations. Method: Three databases were used to select articles based on keyword combinations, which were then reviewed for relevance and methodological rigor based on internationally recognized checklists. From an initial pool of 488 studies, 46 studies were selected for inclusion in the systematic review, and 35 of these studies could be included in a meta-analysis. Results: Most of the articles report significant discrimination between children with and without DLD in both monolingual and bilingual contexts, and the meta-analysis shows a large mean effect size. Three factors (age of the child, linguistic status, and language specificity of the task) yielded enough quantitative data for further exploration. Subgroups analysis shows variance in effect sizes, but none of the three factors, neither their interactions, were significant in a metaregression. We discuss how other, less explored factors (e.g., nature of the stimuli, scoring methods) could also contribute to differences in results. Sensitivity and specificity analyses reported in 33 studies confirmed that, despite possible effect size differences, the diagnostic accuracy of the NWRT is generally near thresholds considered to be discriminatory. It generally increases when it is combined with other tasks (e.g., parental questionnaire). Conclusions: This review indicates that the NWRT is a promising diagnostic tool to identify children with DLD in monolingual and bilingual contexts with a large mean effect size. However, it seems necessary to choose the precise NWRT materials based on the children’s language background and to complement the assessment sessions with other tools in order to ensure diagnosis and to obtain complete language profile of the child.
- PublicationAccès libreLa Premier League s’ouvre au monde : 60 ans d’expatriation des footballeurs en Angleterre(2023)À l’aide d’une cartographie originale, cet article examine l’évolution du nombre d’expatriés en Premier League anglaise depuis les années 1960. Marqué par une immigration sportive essentiellement britannique à l’origine, le championnat d’Angleterre s’est ouvert progressivement à l’Europe, puis au monde. Balançant entre le désir d’accueillir les meilleurs footballeurs de la planète et la volonté de préserver les joueurs et une identité anglaise, l’évolution de la Premier League illustre les effets concomitants de la mondialisation du football et des évolutions des réglementations concernant les transferts de joueurs.
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- PublicationMétadonnées seulement
- PublicationAccès libreLe rapport écrit-oral. Tendances dissimilatrices, tendances assimilatrices(1998-2-11)Après un bref rappel des problèmes que soulève l'opposition langue parlée vs. langue écrite, l'A. montre que cette opposition est sujette à des évolutions contradictoires. Mettant l'accent sur un double mouvement de différenciation et d'homogénéisation, elle analyse la relation entre écrit et oral et illustre le rapport entre pragmatique et syntaxe
- PublicationAccès libre
- PublicationMétadonnées seulement(?-p-Cymene)bis-(trichlorido-stannyl)(triethoxy-phosphine-?P)ruthenium(II)(2009)In the title complex, [RuSn(2)(C(10)H(14))Cl(6)(C(6)H(15)O(3)P)], the Ru-Sn bond lengths [2.5619 (3) and 2.5669 (3) Å] are about 0.3 Å shorter than the sum of the covalent Ru and Sn radii (1.46 + 1.39 = 2.85 Å), in line with other structurally characterized arene ruthenium trichlorido-stannyl derivatives. The Ru(II) atom is surrounded by a para-cymene, a triethylphosphite and two trichloridostannyl ligands in a typical piano-stool coordination.[on SciFinder (R)]
- PublicationMétadonnées seulementDes obligations résultant d'actes illicites (éd. Claire Huguenin/Reto M. Hilty)(Zurich/Bâle/Genève: Schulthess, 2013)Mueller, C. (2013). Art. 46-63 (Des obligations résultant d'actes illicites), in: C. Huguenin/R. Hilty (éd.), OR/CO 2020, Zurich/Bâle/Genève 2013, p. 152-195 (avec Walter Fellmann et Franz Werro)
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Éditeur
Bohnet, François 126
Type d'entité
Publication 27324