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Ravazzini, Laura
Nom
Ravazzini, Laura
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Collaboratrice scientifique
Email
laura.ravazzini@unine.ch
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Résultat de la recherche
Voici les éléments 1 - 8 sur 8
- PublicationMétadonnées seulement
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- PublicationMétadonnées seulementAn intergenerational perspective on the risk of poverty: integrating wealth to measure poverty(: UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE CONFERENCE OF EUROPEAN STATISTICIANS, 2018-11-29)
; Currently, the debate of national statistical offices and scholars working on poverty is on how to include wealth in the classical measure of income poverty. Holding the income-poverty threshold fixed, some studies show that wealth-corrected poverty rates of the elderly are much more affected than those of the rest of the population. In addition, the decline in poverty rates for the elderly is higher when the value of the household’s main residence is included than when only non-housing wealth is taken into account. However, as the main residence is difficult to sell to foster consumption, it remains questionable whether this component should be added in the measurement of the risk of poverty. Difficult choices that remain to be made in the creation of a composite measure of poverty based on income and wealth are not only which components and which poverty threshold should be used, but also which methodology to aggregate income and wealth and which equivalence scale to adjust for different household members should be applied. This contribution focuses specifically on this last issue of equivalence scales highlighting how this methodological choice changes the risk of poverty among the elderly. The analysis is run with CH-SILC 2015 and on its specific module on wealth. Results show how methodological choices change the risk of poverty for different age groups in a significant way. - PublicationMétadonnées seulementDo opposites attract? Educational assortative mating and dynamics of wage homogamy in Switzerland 1992-2014(2017-12-11)
; ; This paper addresses homogamy and assortative mating in Switzerland. The empirical analysis monitors trends for education and hourly wages using the Swiss Labour Force Survey and the Swiss Household Panel. The analysis disentangles the effects of educational expansion from mating patterns and incorporates not only couples, but also singles. Results show an increasing level of assortative mating both for education and for wages. For wage homogamy, selection is more important than adaptation. - PublicationMétadonnées seulementSociological Perspectives on Poverty(New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017)
; ; ; Odell Korgen, KathleenPoverty, the social question of the 19th century, is still one of the most pressing global issues both in the economically advanced, affluent societies of the global North and in the developing countries of the global South. Since the emergence of social problems and deviance as sociological concepts and fields of study in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, poverty has been a focus of concern. Other social phenomena labeled as social problems or forms of deviance (like violence, crime, alcoholism and drug addiction, divorce, family breakdown, suicide) are often considered to be directly linked to, and caused by, poverty. As with other phenomena treated as social problems, research on poverty has typically been applied and policy-oriented, i.e., pragmatic and solution-driven, often related to reform efforts and social policy measures. The diverse sociological perspectives on poverty, therefore, have emerged in specific national, regional and global policy contexts. Furthermore, poverty research often has a strong empirical focus, which is demonstrated by the fact that some of the first comprehensive sociological surveys dealt with poverty issues. Theoretically, diverse approaches have been developed to address poverty, and there is no consensus on the exact definition and conceptualization of poverty. Poverty research, finally, is a field of interdisciplinary research. Sociological perspectives on poverty, therefore, have emerged from a discourse among scholars of sociology, social work, economics and political science. Based on these considerations, the chapter is organized as follows: The first section presents the pioneers of classical sociological poverty research. The second section deals with the different poverty concepts and measurement debates that emerged during the early postwar period of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. The third section focuses on the issue of poverty policy. The fourth section looks at contemporary sociological perspectives on poverty in the era of globalization. Finally, the last section summarizes the main trends in sociological poverty analysis over the past decades and points to the challenges for future research. - PublicationMétadonnées seulementConsidering the various data sources, survey types and indicators: To what extent do conclusions regarding changing income inequality in Switzerland since the early 1990s converge?(Zürich: Seismo, 2016)
; ; ; ; ; - PublicationMétadonnées seulementSégrégation ou intégration ? L’intensité de la ségrégation sur le marché du travail neuchâtelois, romand et suisse et ses changements depuis les années 1990A travers plusieurs comparaisons entre différents groupes de la population (Suisses et non-Suisses, hommes et femmes, jeunes et matures), cette contribution vise à évaluer l’intensité de la ségrégation sur le marché du travail au niveau cantonal, régional et national. Les résultats mettent en évidence les transformations sur le marché du travail neuchâtelois dans une perspective interrégionale en lien avec les changements des inégalités sociales et économiques.
- PublicationMétadonnées seulementConditions de travail dans les administrations cantonales en Suisse, 1991-2012(Neuchâtel MAPS Working Paper Series 4–2016/F, 2016)
; Dans le cadre d’une étude financée par le Fonds National Suisse sur les mesures d’égalité entre les sexes et la participation des femmes au marché du travail, l’lnstitut de Sociologie de l’Université de Neuchâtel a réalisé une enquête longitudinale à propos de la conciliation travail-famille pour la période 1991-2012. Pour ce faire, un questionnaire (voir annexe 1) comportant des questions sur les conditions de travail a été envoyé aux 26 administrations cantonales (en prévalence aux bureaux de l'égalité hommes-femmes et de la famille ainsi qu’aux responsables des ressources humaines). Les chiffres utilisés dans ce rapport sont ceux récoltés auprès des cantons, complétés si nécessaire par le site de la Confédération «BerufundFamilie » pour l’année 2012. Nous avons constaté une nette évolution des mesures implémentées dans les différentes administrations cantonales puisque tous les cantons ont augmenté le nombre de mesures proposées à leurs employés entre 1991 et 2012. S'agissant des horaires de travail, nous constatons également que les usages ont beaucoup évolué dans la plupart des cantons. Il existe en revanche un réel potentiel à développer au niveau du télétravail, mesure qui permettrait aux parents de travailler ponctuellement depuis leur domicile. La conciliation travail-famille pourrait également être facilitée au niveau des congés et du soutien institutionnel. Même si la plupart des cantons offrent un congé de paternité, il est, la plupart du temps, très court (1 à 10 jours). En outre, les crèches étatiques sont très peu répandues.