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Turlings, Ted

Nom
Turlings, Ted
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeur ordinaire
Email
ted.turlings@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/330

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Parasitism of non-target lepidoptera by mass released Trichogramma brassicae and its implication for the larval parasitoid Lydella thompsoni
    (2004)
    Kuske, Stefan
    ;
    Babendreier, Dirk
    ;
    Edwards, Peter
    ;
    Turlings, Ted 
    ;
    Bigler, Franz
    The release of high numbers of the eggparasitoid Trichogramma brassicae Bezd.(Hym. Trichogrammatidae) to control the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinianubilalis Hb. (Lep.: Crambidae) in maize hasraised concerns about potential negativeeffects on native natural enemies. The nativelarval parasitoid Lydella thompsoni Herting (Dipt.: Tachinidae) is the most frequent and important ECB parasitoid insouthern Switzerland and can achieve highparasitism rates. Its first generation emerges too early to find ECB larvae and must rely onalternative hosts living in natural habitats close to maize fields. Inundative releases of T. brassicae coincide with the oviposition period of the alternative hosts ofthe tachinid. T. brassicae moving out of release fields may attack and diminish the population of these hosts, creating abottleneck situation for L. thompsoni in the subsequent spring. Laboratory hostspecificity tests showed that the tachinid's two most abundant spring hosts Archanarageminipuncta Haworth (1809) (Lep.: Noctuidae)and Chilo phragmitellus Hübner (1805)(Lep.: Crambidae) are successfully parasitisedby T. brassicae females in no-choice situations. Our extensive field surveys, however, showed that the two tested springhosts escape parasitism since their eggs are well hidden or not attractive. Negative effects of inundative releases of T.brassicae on the native tachinid fly L. thompsoni, such as population density reduction, displacement, or local extinction, are very unlikely.
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Dispersal and persistence of mass released Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera : Trichogrammatidae) in non-target habitats
    (2003)
    Kuske, Stefan
    ;
    Widmer, Franco
    ;
    Edwards, Peter
    ;
    Turlings, Ted 
    ;
    Babendreier, Dirk
    ;
    Bigler, Franz
    Field studies were carried out to evaluate whether inundative releases of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) against the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), can have negative effects on the indigenous arthropod fauna in adjacent non-target habitats. Emigration of released T brassicae from maize fields into non-target habitats was monitored, and its persistence in non-target habitats was assessed throughout the season. For this purpose, sticky traps were installed on metal sticks along transects from the inside of T brassicae treated maize fields into sown wildflower strips and a natural common reed stand. In addition, cards with host eggs were used to monitor Trichogramma within potential overwintering sites. Although the highest numbers of released parasitoids were trapped within maize, a considerable amount of T. brassicae moved into non-target habitats. We found a significant transient increase of T. brassicae in both wildflower strips and reeds and no consistent decrease in numbers of trapped wasps up to 40 m from the maize field borders, when monitored directly following mass releases. Indigenous Trichogramma species were present both in the wildflower strip and reeds, and T. brassicae represented only a minor part of the overall Trichogramma population therein, except for a few days after release. However, a few T brassicae persisted in non-target habitats throughout the season and were still present prior to releases in the subsequent year. These low numbers are not expected to seriously affect populations of native Trichogramma or non-target host species. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.