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Riaño, Yvonne

Nom
Riaño, Yvonne
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeur.e associé.e
Email
yvonne.riano@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/908
_
0000-0002-3463-6977

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Globalizations from below : understanding the spatialities, mobilities and resources of transnational migrant entrepreneurs across the globe
    (2024)
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Natasha A. Webster
    ;
    Sandoz, Laure 
    ;
    Giacomo Solano
    ;
    Sakura Yamamura
    Transnational corporations have been long recognized as the building blocks of global system theory and their impact is widely acknowledged and studied. By comparison, we have insufficient understanding of transnational practices ‘from below’. We argue that focusing on transnational migrant entrepreneurship is a novel opportunity to gain insights into the social and economic processes of ‘globalization from below’. Such processes refer to the dynamics and practices initiated by actors outside the hegemonic socioeconomic spheres who, using various resources, move people, goods and ideas across national borders to create small-scale enterprises thus connecting distant places and people around the world. This special issue brings together a transdisciplinary group of researchers who examine the spatialities, mobilities and resources of transnational migrant entrepreneurs in Asia, Europe, North Africa, South America and the USA. The rich empirical base, coupled with diverse research methods, provides new insights into the phenomenon to scholars, policymakers and practitioners.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    A Review of Transnational Migrant Entrepreneurship: Perspectives on Unequal Spatialities
    (2022)
    Sandoz, Laure 
    ;
    Mittmasser, Christina 
    ;
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Piguet, Etienne 
    The spatialities of migrant entrepreneurship have changed dynamically in recent decades. Movements and exchanges transcend national borders more than ever, and transnational migrant entrepreneurship has become a burgeoning field of research. Yet, knowledge is dispersed across disciplines, and an understanding of contemporary spatialities is limited. We review 155 articles published in English, French, German, and Spanish since 2009, thereby providing an overview of existing knowledge on transnational migrant entrepreneurship and suggesting avenues for future research. We identify five current topical areas of research: (1) the business advantages of transnational migrant entrepreneurship, (2) the determinants of becoming a transnational migrant entrepreneur, (3) the transnational networks of migrants, (4) the economic impacts of transnational migrant entrepreneurship on home and host countries, and (5) whether local environments enable or deter entrepreneurial success. Building on our synthesis of the most recent literature, we propose three crucial dimensions which have been under-researched in past and current work, and which address the diversity of geographical locations, spatial connections, and spatial mobilities involved in transnational migrant entrepreneurship. Moreover, we put forward a set of questions for future research which will advance a comprehension of unequal opportunities among transnational migrant entrepreneurs.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Spatial Mobility Capital: A Valuable Resource for the Social Mobility of Border-Crossing Migrant Entrepreneurs?
    (2022)
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Mittmasser, Christina 
    ;
    Sandoz, Laure 
    Spatial mobility is considered a valuable resource for social mobility. Yet, we still have an insufficient understanding of the extent to which and under what conditions geographical movement across national borders represents an asset for social advancement. Addressing this research gap, we offer a theoretical contribution to the fields of transnationalism, migration/mobility, and social geography. We focus on 86 cross-border migrant entrepreneurs who live in Barcelona (Spain), Cúcuta (Colombia), and Zurich (Switzerland), and combine geographical and mental maps, biographical interviews, ethnographic observations, and participatory Minga workshops. Our results show significant inequality in opportunity among the studied entrepreneurs and reveal different geographies of risk and uncertainty for their cross-border mobilities. We theoretically propose that the ability to use spatial mobility as a resource for social mobility depends largely on three intersecting factors: the entrepreneur’s social position, his or her location in geographical space, and his or her strategies. Moreover, we have formulated the concept of spatial mobility capital to define the necessary conditions for spatial mobility to become a valuable resource for social advancement: individuals must be in control of their spatial mobilities, such mobilities need to match their socio-economic needs and personal aspirations, and they must be able to move safely.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Transnational migrant entrepreneurs: understanding their dependencies, fragilities, and alternatives
    (2022)
    Sandoz, Laure 
    ;
    Mittmasser, Christina 
    ;
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Lorena Izaguirre
    Recent research highlights that the activities of migrant entrepreneurs increasingly extend beyond national borders, thus making them relevant actors of globalization. Nevertheless, the socio-spatial conditions that frame their cross-border activities are still poorly understood. The aim of this article is twofold: first, we apply the lens of ‘globalization from below’ to study small-scale transnational migrant entrepreneurs (TMEs), thereby providing new insights into less visible globalization processes; second, we show that TMEs are not simply free economic agents but depend on connections in local and transnational spaces. Inspired by the literature on dependencies and feminist approaches, we develop a typology to address the following research question: Under which conditions is relying on others beneficial for transnational migrant entrepreneurship, and under which conditions does it lead to precariousness? Building on 86 semi-structured interviews in Colombia, Spain, and Switzerland, we uncover the diverse nature ofdependencies and reveal the unequal opportunities TMEs face.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    How to explain migration policy openness in times of closure? The case of international students in Switzerland
    (2018-1-7)
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Lombard, Annique 
    ;
    Piguet, Etienne 
    Since the 1990s, Swiss immigration policies have placed increasing restrictions on non-European Union (EU) immigrants. However, in 2011, based on the initiative of Jacques Neirynck, the Swiss Parliament approved a law facilitating the admission and integration of non-EU nationals with a Swiss university degree. How can this policy openness in times of closure be explained? Drawing on the narratives of stakeholders during parliamentarian debates, and interviews with key political actors, we propose a unique explanatory approach combining: (1) the convincing narratives of steering crafted by parliamentarians, (2) an appropriate temporal and geographical context, and (3) the biographical capacity of the policy initiator to effect policy change. This model will be useful for studies of migration policy change in general.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    New directions in studying policies of international student mobility and migration
    (2018)
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Van Mol, Christof
    ;
    Raghuram, Parvati
    Many host-countries have liberalised migration policies to facilitate the transition of international students to the local labour market as they are seen as economic agents who increase global competitiveness and integrate easily. However, how migration and educational policies at the regional and national levels emerge, are negotiated and become implemented, and how they contradict other policies, remains little-known. This special issue aims to address that gap. This introductory paper offers an analytical framework for studying policies of international student mobility that addresses four critical dimensions: discourses, contexts, agents and temporalities before offering some key avenues for future research.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Mobilité étudiante internationale: raisons d'étudier en Suisse, stratégies, expériences et projets d'avenir
    (2017-12)
    Renggli, Christina
    ;
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    Cet article analyse les raisons, stratégies, expériences et projets d’avenir des étudiantes et étudiants internationaux qui viennent en Suisse dans le cadre de leur formation tertiaire. L’Université de Berne sert d’étude de cas. Un sondage en ligne a été envoyé à toutes les personnes scolarisées à l’étranger et immatriculées dans cette université durant l’année académique 2015-2016. La décision d’étudier en Suisse est surtout motivée par la découverte d’une nouvelle culture. La bonne qualité de vie à Berne est particulièrement appréciée. Contrairement aux conclusions de la théorie du capital humain, les étudiant·e·s ne sont pas principalement motivé·e·s par l’obtention future de meilleurs salaires.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Représenter les étudiant-e-s extra-européen-ne-s dans le discours politique suisse (1900-2015) : garantie de compétitivité internationale ou concurrence à refréner ?
    (2017)
    Gillabert, Matthieu
    ;
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    Cet article contribue à notre compréhension de la représentation des étudiant·e·s étranger·e·s dans les discours politiques suisses. Il adopte une perspective historique en examinant comment les étudiant·e·s extra-européen ·ne·s sont représentés dans les discours mobilisés au niveau national entre 1900 et 2015. Ces étudiant·e·s apparaissent comme étant soit un atout, soit une menace. Dans le premier cas, ces représentations servent à légitimer des politiques migratoires visant à renforcer la compétitivité économique mondiale de la Suisse. En revanche, le second type semble créer un danger qui peut s’avérer utile pour renforcer l’identité nationale, protéger les travailleurs suisses et maintenir les valeurs traditionnelles de genre., This article contributes to our understanding of how foreign students are represented in Swiss political discourses. It takes a historical perspective by examining how non-European students are represented in discourses mobilized at the federal level between 1900 and 2015. Students are portrayed as being either an asset or a threat. In the first case, such representations serve to legitimize migration policies aimed at bolstering Switzerland’s global economic competitiveness. In contrast, the second type appears to create a useful threat in order to strengthen national identity, protect Swiss workers and maintain traditional gender values., Wie soll man die Repräsentation der ausländischen Studierenden im politi-schen Diskurs in der Schweiz verstehen? Anhand einer historischen Perspektive wird hier erforscht, wie die außereuropäischen Studierenden zwischen 1900 und 2015 im nationalen politischen Diskurs repräsentiert werden. Diese Studierenden erscheinen entweder als Pluspunkt oder als Drohung. Im ersten Fall dient die Repräsentation der Rechtfertigung der Migrationspolitik, um die weltweite wirtschaftliche Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Schweiz zu verstärken. Im zweiten Fall scheint die Repräsentation der erwähnten Studierenden im Gegenteil eine nützliche Drohung zu sein, die nützlich sein kann um die natio-nale Identität zu betonen, die Schweizer Arbeitskräfte zu schützen und die traditionellen Gender-Werte aufrechtzuerhalten.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    How to explain migration policy openness in times of closure? The case of international students in Switzerland
    (2017)
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    ;
    Lombard, Annique 
    ;
    Piguet, Etienne 
    Since the 1990s, Swiss immigration policies have placed increasing restrictions on non-European Union (EU) immigrants. However, in 2011, based on the initiative of Jacques Neirynck, the Swiss Parliament approved a law facilitating the admission and integration of non-EU nationals with a Swiss university degree. How can this policy openness in times of closure be explained? Drawing on the narratives of stakeholders during parliamentarian debates, and interviews with key political actors, we propose a unique explanatory approach combining: (1) the convincing narratives of steering crafted by parliamentarians, (2) an appropriate temporal and geographical context, and (3) the biographical capacity of the policy initiator to effect policy change. This model will be useful for studies of migration policy change in general.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Mobilité étudiante internationale : raisons d'étudier en Suisse, stratégies, expériences et projets d'avenir
    (2017)
    Renggli, Christina
    ;
    Riaño, Yvonne 
    Cet article analyse les raisons, stratégies, expériences et projets d’avenir des étudiantes et étudiants internationaux qui viennent en Suisse dans le cadre de leur formation tertiaire. L’Université de Berne sert d’étude de cas. Un sondage en ligne a été envoyé à toutes les personnes scolarisées à l’étranger et immatriculées dans cette université durant l’année académique 2015-2016. La décision d’étudier en Suisse est surtout motivée par la découverte d’une nouvelle culture. La bonne qualité de vie à Berne est particulièrement appréciée. Contrairement aux conclusions de la théorie du capital humain, les étudiant·e·s ne sont pas principalement motivé·e·s par l’obtention future de meilleurs salaires., This article examines the reasons, strategies, experiences and future plans of international students who relocate to Switzerland for tertiary studies. The University of Bern serves as a case study. An online survey was sent to all international students who were enrolled in the academic year 2015-2016 for their Bachelor, Master or Doctoral studies. The results show that their decisions to study in Switzerland are mainly shaped by a desire to experience a new culture. The good quality of life in Bern is particularly appreciated. Thus, contrary to expectations based on human capital theory, students’ mobility is not primarily motivated by a wish to obtain better wages in the future., Dieser Artikel trägt dazu bei, die Gründe, Strategien, Erfahrungen und Zukunftspläne von internationalen Studierenden, die für ihre tertiäre Ausbildung in die Schweiz kommen, zu verstehen. Die Universität Bern dient als Fallstudie. Eine Online-Umfrage wurde an sämtliche internationale Studierende, welche im akademischen Jahr 2015-2016 für ein Hochschulstudium eingeschrieben waren, versendet. Die Resultate zeigen, dass der Entscheid, in der Schweiz zu studieren, hauptsächlich vom Wunsch, eine neue Kultur zu erleben, geprägt ist. Besonders wird die gute Lebensqualität von Bern geschätzt. Anders als bei der Humankapitaltheorie sind Studierende nicht primär motiviert, bessere Löhne zu erhalten.