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Kessler, Félix

Nom
Kessler, Félix
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeur ordinaire
Email
felix.kessler@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/320

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  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Molecular biology of chloroplast biogenesis: gene expression, protein import and intraorganellar sorting
    (2001)
    Bauer, Jörg
    ;
    Hiltbrunner, Andreas
    ;
    Kessler, Félix 
    The chloroplast is the hallmark organelle of plants. It performs photosynthesis and is therefore required for photoautotrophic plant growth. The chloroplast is the most prominent member of a family of related organelles termed plastids which are ubiquitous in plant cells. Biogenesis of the chloroplast from undifferentiated proplastids is induced by light. The generally accepted endosymbiont hypothesis states that chloroplasts have arisen from an internalized cyanobacterial ancestor. Although chloroplasts have maintained remnants of the ancestral genome (plastome), the vast majority of the genes encoding chloroplast proteins have been transferred to the nucleus. This poses two major challenges to the plant cell during chloroplast biogenesis: First, light and developmental signals must be interpreted to coordinately express genetic information contained in two distinct compartments. This is to ensure supply and stoichiometry of abundant chloroplast components. Second, developing chloroplasts must efficiently import nuclear encoded and cytosolically synthesized proteins. A subset of proteins, including such encoded by the plastome, must further be sorted to the thylakoid compartments for assembly into the photosynthetic apparatus.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Dual targeting of a mature plastoglobulin/fibrillin fusion protein to chloroplast plastoglobules and thylakoids in transplastomic tobacco plants
    Shanmugabalaji, Venkatasalam
    ;
    Besagni, Céline
    ;
    Piller, Lucia Eugeni
    ;
    Douet, Véronique 
    ;
    Ruf, Stephanie
    ;
    Bock, Ralph
    ;
    Kessler, Félix 
    Plastoglobules (PG) are lipid droplets in chloroplasts and other plastid types having important functions in lipid metabolism. Plastoglobulins (PGL) also known as fibrillins (FBN) are evolutionary conserved proteins present at the PG surface but also to various extents at the thylakoid membrane. PGLs are thought to have structural functions in PG formation and maintenance. The targeting of an Arabidopsis PGL (PGL34) to PG required the full protein sequence with the exception of a short C- terminal stretch. This indicated that PGL targeting relies on correct folding rather than a discrete sequence. PGLs lack strongly hydrophic regions and may therefore extrinsically associate with PG and thylakoid membranes via interaction with hydrophilic headgroups of surface lipids. Here, we report on the expression of the Arabidopsis plastoglobulin of 35kD (PGL35 or FBN1a) expressed as a mature protein fused to HIVp24 (human immunodeficiency virus capsid particle p24) or HCV (hepatitis C virus core protein) in transplastomic tobacco. A PGL35–HIVp24 fusion targeted in part to plastoglobules but a larger proportion was recovered in the thylakoid fraction. The findings indicate that transplastomic PGL35–HIVp24 folded correctly after its synthesis inside the chloroplast and then dually targeted to plastoglobules as well as thylakoid membranes.
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Border control: selectivity of chloroplast protein import and regulation at the TOC-complex
    Demarsy, Emilie
    ;
    Lakshmanan, Ashok M
    ;
    Kessler, Félix 
    Plants have evolved complex and sophisticated molecular mechanisms to regulate their development and adapt to their surrounding environment. Particularly the development of their specific organelles, chloroplasts and other plastid-types, is finely tuned in accordance with the metabolic needs of the cell. The normal development and functioning of plastids require import of particular subsets of nuclear encoded proteins. Most preproteins contain a cleavable sequence at their N terminal (transit peptide) serving as a signal for targeting to the organelle and recognition by the translocation machinery TOC–TIC (translocon of outer membrane complex–translocon of inner membrane complex) spanning the dual membrane envelope. The plastid proteome needs constant remodeling in response to developmental and environmental factors. Therefore selective regulation of preprotein import plays a crucial role in plant development. In this review we describe the diversity of transit peptides and TOC receptor complexes, and summarize the current knowledge and potential directions for future research concerning regulation of the different Toc isoforms.
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Isolation of components of the chloroplast protein import machinery
    (1994)
    Schnell, Danny
    ;
    Kessler, Félix 
    ;
    Blobel, Gunter
    Components of the protein import machinery of the chloroplast were isolated by a procedure in which the import machinery was engaged in vitro with a tagged import substrate under conditions that yielded largely chloroplast envelope-bound import intermediates. Subsequent detergent solubilization of envelope membranes showed that six envelope polypeptides copurified specifically and, apparently, stoichiometrically with the import intermediates. Four of these polypeptides are components of the outer membrane import machinery and are associated with early import intermediates. Two of these polypeptides have been characterized. One is a homolog of the heat shock protein hsp70; the other one is a channel-protein candidate.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Role of plastoglobules in metabolite repair in the tocopherol redox cycle
    Eugeni Piller, Lucia 
    ;
    Glauser, Gaétan
    ;
    Kessler, Félix 
    ;
    Besagni, Céline
    Plants are exposed to ever changing light environments and continuously forced to adapt. Excessive light intensity leads to the production of reactive oxygen species that can have deleterious effects on photosystems and thylakoid membranes. To limit damage, plants increase the production of membrane soluble antioxidants such as tocopherols. Here, untargeted lipidomics after high light treatment showed that among hundreds of lipid compounds alpha-tocopherol is the most strongly induced, underscoring its importance as an antioxidant. As part of the antioxidant mechanism, a-tocopherol undergoes a redox cycle involving oxidative opening of the chromanol ring. The only enzyme currently known to participate in the cycle is tocopherol cyclase (VTE1, At4g32770), that re-introduces the chromanol ring of a-tocopherol. By mutant analysis, we identified the NAD(P)H-dependent quinone oxidoreductase (NDC1, At5g08740) as a second enzyme implicated in this cycle. NDC1 presumably acts through the reduction of quinone intermediates preceding cyclization by VTE1. Exposure to high light also triggered far-ranging changes in prenylquinone composition that we dissect herein using null mutants and lines overexpressing the VTE1 and NDC1 enzymes.
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Molecular characterization of tomato 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase-shikimate : NADP oxidoreductase
    (2001)
    Bischoff, Markus
    ;
    Schaller, Andreas
    ;
    Bieri, Fabian
    ;
    Kessler, Félix 
    ;
    Amrhein, Nikolaus
    ;
    Schmid, Jürg
    Analysis of cDNAs encoding the bifunctional 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase-shikimate:NADP oxidoreductase (DHQase-SORase) from tomato (Lycopersicon escutlentum) revealed two classes of cDNAs that differed by 57 bp within the coding regions, but were otherwise identical. Comparison of these cDNA sequences with the sequence of the corresponding single gene unequivocally proved that the primary transcript is differentially spliced, potentially giving rise to two polypeptides that differ by 19 amino acids. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the longer transcript constitutes at most 1% to 2% of DHQase-SORase transcripts. Expression of the respective polypeptides in Escherichia coli mutants lacking the DHQase or the SORase activity gave functional complementation only in case of the shorter polypeptide, indicating that skipping of a potential exon is a prerequisite for the production of an enzymatically active protein. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the DHQase-SORase is most likely synthesized as a precursor with a very short (13-amino acid) plastid-specific transit peptide. Like other genes encoding enzymes of the prechorismate pathway in tomato, this gene is elicitor-inducible. Tissue-specific expression resembles the patterns obtained for 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase 2 and dehydroquinate synthase genes. This work completes our studies of the prechorismate pathway in that cDNAs for all seven enzymes (including isozymes) of the prechorismate pathway from tomato have now been characterized.
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    The chloroplast import receptor Toc90 partially restores the accumulation of Toc159 client proteins in the Arabidopsis thaliana ppi2 mutant
    (2011)
    Infanger, Sibylle
    ;
    Bischof, Sylvain
    ;
    Hiltbrunner, Andreas
    ;
    Agne, Birgit
    ;
    Baginsky, Sacha
    ;
    Kessler, Félix