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Migration as a Risk Management Strategy in the Context of Climate Change: Evidence from the Bolivian Andes
Auteur(s)
Brandt, Regine
Editeur(s)
Susanne, Lachmuth
Maison d'édition
Amsterdam: Springer
Date de parution
2016
In
Migration, Risk Management and Climate Change: Evidence and Policy Responses
De la page
43
A la page
61
Collection
Global Migration Issues
Résumé
Mountain regions are among the most vulnerable areas with regard to global environmental changes. In the Bolivian Andes, for example, environmental risks, such as those related to climate change, are numerous and often closely intertwined with social risks. Rural households are therefore characterized by high mobility, which is a traditional strategy of risk management. Nowadays, most rural households are involved in multi-residency or circular migratory movements at a regional, national, and international scale. Taking the case of two rural areas close to the city of La Paz, we analyzed migration patterns and drivers behind migrant household decisions in the Bolivian Andes. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with selected respondents from 68 households. The drivers for migration were categorized, their relative importance was calculated, and generalized linear mixed models were applied for statistical analyses. Our results underline that migration is a traditional peasant household strategy to increase income and manage livelihood risks under rising economic pressures, scarcity of land, insufficient local off-farm work opportunities, and low agricultural productivity. Migration predominantly occurs to nearby urban areas located in the same region. Climatic variability and water scarcity, which have increased through climate change, play crucial roles as additional stressors for agricultural production. Our results suggest that environmental factors do not drive migration independently, but are rather combined with socio-economic factors. There is a need for more research on the links between environmental changes driven by climate change and other factors and their effects on migration dynamics and rural development in the Bolivian Andes and adjacent areas.
Lié au projet
Identifiants
Autre version
http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-42922-9_3
Type de publication
book part
