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Fossard, Marion

Nom
Fossard, Marion
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeure ordinaire
Email
marion.fossard@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/581
_
0000-0002-4955-2354

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    The role of Basal Ganglia in Language Production: evidence from Parkinson's disease
    (2013)
    Macoir, Joël
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    ;
    Mérette, Chantal
    ;
    Langlois, Mélanie
    ;
    Chantal, Sophie
    ;
    Auclair-Ouellet, Noémie
    According to the dominant view in the literature, basal ganglia do not play a direct role in language but are involved in cognitive control required by linguistic and non-linguistic processing. In Parkinson's disease, basal ganglia impairment leads to motor symptoms and language deficits; those affecting the production of verbs have been frequently explored. According to a controversial theory, basal ganglia play a specific role in the conjugation of regular verbs as compared to irregular verbs. We report the results of 15 patients with Parkinson's disease in experimental conjugation tasks. They performed below healthy controls but their performance did not differ for regular and irregular verbs. These results confirm that basal ganglia are involved in language processing but do not play a specific role in verb production.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Toward an Executive Origin for Acquired Phonological Dyslexia: A Case of Specific Deficit of Context-Sensitive Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion Rules
    (2013)
    Auclair-Ouellet, Noémie
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    ;
    St-Pierre Catherine
    ;
    Macoir, Joël
    Phonological dyslexia is a written language disorder characterized by poor reading of nonwords when compared with relatively preserved ability in reading real words. In this study, we report the case of FG, a 74-year-old man with phonological dyslexia. The nature and origin of his reading impairment were assessed using tasks involving activation and explicit manipulation of phonological representations as well as reading of words and nonwords in which the nature and complexity of grapheme-to-phoneme conversion rules (GPC rules) were manipulated. FG also underwent an extensive neuropsychological assessment battery in which he showed impaired performance in tests exploring verbal working memory and executive functions. FG showed no phonological impairment, and his performance was also largely unimpaired for reading words, with no effect of concreteness, grammatical class, morphological complexity, length or nature and complexity of the GPC rules. However, he showed substantial difficulties when asked to read nonwords with contextual GPC rules. The contribution of FG’s executive deficits to his performance in reading is discussed.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Les troubles morphologiques flexionnels dans la maladie de Parkinson : origine procédurale et/ou exécutive ?
    (2012)
    Macoir, Joël
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    ;
    Auclair-Ouellet, Noémie
    La maladie de Parkinson est une maladie neurodégénérative caractérisée par des troubles moteurs mais également par des troubles cognitifs affectant la mémoire de travail, la mémoire déclarative et les capacités attentionnelles. Sur le plan du langage, on relève aussi dans cette maladie la présence de troubles de la morphologie flexionnelle. Dans cet article, nous présentons et discutons des appuis respectifs aux propositions procédurales et exécutives relatives à l’origine fonctionnelle des troubles morphologiques flexionnels dans la maladie de Parkinson. Nous rapporterons également les résultats d’une étude que nous avons menée récemment auprès de 15 sujets souffrant de la MP et qui suggère une contribution, non spécifique au langage, des ganglions de la base aux processus exécutifs impliqués en morphologie flexionnelle., Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative neurological condition characterized by motor deficits but also by cognitive deficits affecting working memory, declarative memory and attentional capacities. With respect to language, the disease is also marked by the impairment of inflectional morphological processes. In this article, we present and discuss the respective supports to the procedural and executive functional origin of inflectional morphology impairment in Parkinson’s disease. We also report the results from a recent study, conducted with 15 individuals with PD, suggesting a contribution, non-exclusive to language, of basal ganglia to executive processes involved in inflectional morphology.