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Clément, Fabrice

Nom
Clément, Fabrice
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeur.e ordinaire
Email
fabrice.clement@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/579
_
0000-0002-6319-4362

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Am I really seeing what’s around me? An ERP study on social anxiety under speech induction, uncertainty and social feedback
    (2022-2-9)
    Tipura, Eda
    ;
    Zanesco, Julie 
    ;
    Clément, Fabrice 
    ;
    Renaud, Olivier
    ;
    Pegna, Alan J.
    Cognitive models of social anxiety propose that socially anxious individuals engage in excessive self-focusing attention when entering a social situation. In the present study, speech anxiety was induced to socially anxious and control participants. Event-related potentials were recorded while participants performed a perceptual judgement task using distinct or ambiguous stimuli, before and after social feedback. Disputed feedback led to more revisions and decreased levels of confidence, especially among socially anxious individuals. Prior feedback, greater occipital P1 amplitudes in both groups for ambiguous probes indicated heightened sensory facilitation to ambiguous information, and greater anterior N1 amplitudes for ambiguous stimuli in highly anxious participants suggested anticipation of negative feedback in this group. Post-feedback, P1, N1 and LPP amplitudes were reduced overall among socially anxious individuals indicating a reduction in sensory facilitation of visual information. These results suggest excessive self-focusing among socially anxious in- dividuals, possibly linked to anticipation of an anxiety-provoking social situation.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Wishful Thinking in Preschoolers
    (2016-1-1)
    Bernard, Stephane 
    ;
    Clément, Fabrice 
    ;
    Mercier, Hugo 
    The current experiment sought to demonstrate the presence of wishful thinking—when wishes influence beliefs—in young children. A sample of 77 preschoolers needed to predict, eight times in a row, which of two plastic eggs, one containing one toy and the other containing three toys, would be drawn by a blinded experimenter. On the four trials in which the children could not keep the content of the egg drawn, they were equally likely to predict that either egg would be drawn. By contrast, on the four trials in which the children got to keep the content of the egg, they were more likely to predict that the egg with three toys would be drawn. Any effort the children exerted would be the same across condi- tions, so that this demonstration of wishful thinking cannot be accounted for by an effort heuristic. One group of children—a sub- group of the 5-year-olds—did not engage in wishful thinking. Children from this subgroup instead used the representativeness heuristic to guide their answers. This result suggests that having an explicit representation of the outcome inhibits children from engaging in wishful thinking in the same way as explicit representations constrain the operation of motivated reasoning in adults.