Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 113
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Blockchain Dispute Resolution for Decentralized Autonomous Organizations: The Rise of Decentralized Autonomous Justice
    (Leiden / Boston: Brill Nijhoff, 2023-11-07) ;
    For the past twenty years, the use of the Internet has facilitated international commercial relations between people who do not know each other and who are geographically distant. Disputes resulting from e-commerce have undermined the supremacy of state courts, which have proved unable to provide an appropriate response to small claims arising in an international context and raising delicate questions as to jurisdiction and applicable law. The length, cost and complexity of the procedure, as well as the risk associated with the international enforcement of the judgment are deterrent factors that led e-commerce platforms to develop online dispute resolution (ODR). Thanks in part to the removal of intermediaries, the transfer of cryptocurrencies and other crypto assets using blockchain technology has further facilitated international commercial relations. The decentralized and distributed characteristics of blockchain technology and the pseudonymity of its transactions has led to a new economy growing independently from nation states. This technology has brought an additional degree of complication in the application of private international law (PIL) rules by removing the illusion that online transactions can be linked to the territory of a state. Smart contracts also allow the creation of digital entities that can enter into commercial relations. The first decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) was the source of a resounding dispute between parties with diverging interests, which had to be urgently resolved without any access to state courts or a dispute resolution mechanism. This case revealed the risk of disputes in the blockchain environment and the resulting legal uncertainty, and led to the emergence of various models of blockchain dispute resolution (BDR) mechanisms (BDRs) inspired by the solutions developed in e-commerce. This chapter deals with the application of PIL rules to the resolution of disputes involving DAOs. The authors first analyze what is a DAO and whether DAOs legally qualify as companies. What is at stake is the legal personality of DAOs and their capacity to conduct legal proceedings. The authors then examine whether disputes involving DAOs may be brought before state courts. This analysis highlights the problems related to the location, pseudonymity, and uncertainty regarding the legal personality of the participants of the blockchain environment, which challenge the jurisdiction of state courts in case of a dispute. The authors then draw on the experience acquired in the field of e-commerce to examine the advisability of setting up alternative dispute resolution mechanisms available to the actors of the blockchain environment. Based on an analysis of existing BDRs, the authors examine whether and how BDRs are likely to avoid a denial of justice and bring legal certainty to disputes related to contractual relationships with DAOs formalized through smart contracts as well as disputes related to the governance of DAOs. The authors find that a BDR decision which can be directly enforced through smart contracts confers effective justice to the actors of the blockchain environment. Finally, the authors address the more delicate issue of the enforcement of a BDR decision on non-crypto assets. This approach shows that a type of justice based on cryptoeconomic incentives challenges the concept of fair justice. This could be an impediment to obtaining the assistance of state authorities for the enforcement of a BDR decision outside of the blockchain environment as this type of decision could be considered contrary to public policy. The analysis is mostly based on Swiss private international law and major private international law conventions. In this chapter, the authors outline the contours of a new private justice system designed to provide decentralized autonomous justice to the actors of the crypto economy.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    A critical appraisal of the jurisprudential role of connecting factors in private international law with an emphasis on commercial contracts
    (Neuchâtel : Université de Neuchâtel, 2023) ;
    Cette thèse explore les aspects jurisprudentiels des facteurs de rattachement dans les litiges transfrontaliers, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les litiges internationaux en matière de contrats commerciaux. La thèse se compose de trois parties (partie I, partie II, partie III). Identifier toutes les principales lacunes liées à l'application des facteurs de rattachement aux litiges transfrontaliers et leurs conséquences en droit anglais, en droit suisse et en droit de l'UE remettant en question l'arbitrage des tribunaux nationaux dans les litiges transfrontaliers, leurs verdicts et les objectifs ultimes du droit international privé, a été le cœur de cette thèse tout au long de la quête de répondre à l'une des principales questions de ma thèse, à savoir dans quelle mesure l'emploi de facteurs de rattachement se révèle efficace dans l'arbitrage des tribunaux nationaux dans les litiges transfrontaliers. La thèse examine le développement historique du droit international privé (partie I) et l'évolution des facteurs de rattachement dans la jurisprudence du droit international privé (partie II). Les connaissances acquises dans la partie I et la partie II ont joué un rôle significatif dans l'élaboration des recommandations proposées (conclusion) en ce qui concerne les contrats commerciaux dans cette thèse. La partie III porte sur l'implication de l'application des facteurs de rattachement dans les litiges internationaux en matière de contrats commerciaux dans trois juridictions, à savoir l'UE, la Suisse et l'Angleterre et le Pays de Galles. La méthodologie de recherche utilisée dans cette thèse adopte une approche comparative, à travers laquelle les règles de droit international privé dans les trois systèmes juridiques susmentionnés, en particulier les dispositions concernant les facteurs de rattachement, ont été examinées à l'aide de méthodes de recherche qualitative. Les sources qui ont été particulièrement examinées sont les textes législatifs, les décisions de justice, les écrits de divers juristes renommés et les développements récents en droit international privé dans le droit suisse, le droit anglais et le droit de l'UE. Les raisons du choix des trois systèmes juridiques susmentionnés sont que j'ai étudié le droit dans des universités anglaises et suisses, et les systèmes juridiques sélectionnés englobent une juridiction de droit civil, qui est la Suisse, une juridiction de common law, qui est l'Angleterre et le Pays de Galles, ainsi que la compréhension du droit international privé au niveau supranational, qui est l'UE. Ces choix m'ont aidé à comprendre et à renforcer mes connaissances sur les éléments du droit international privé, en particulier les facteurs de rattachement, dans une perspective d'étude comparative. L'étude se conclut en proposant, sur la base des résultats de la recherche, un système d'arbitrage de la Cour supranationale fondé sur la résolution en ligne des litiges (RDL) pour les litiges transfrontaliers, que je crois fermement être capable de résoudre un certain nombre de problèmes, en particulier ceux liés aux facteurs de rattachement dans les litiges civils transfrontaliers. This thesis explores the jurisprudential aspects of connecting factors in cross-border disputes with a special focus on international commercial contract disputes. The thesis consists of three parts (part I, part II, part III). Finding out all the major loopholes concerning the application of connecting factors to cross-border disputes and their consequences under English law, Swiss law and EU law that question state court adjudication of cross-border disputes, their verdict and the ultimate aims and objectives of private international law, has been the crux of this thesis throughout in the pursuit of answering one of the major questions of my thesis as to if and/or what extent the employment of connecting factors is being turned out to be effective in the state court adjudication of cross-border disputes. The thesis investigates historical development of private international law (part I) and the evolution of connecting factors in the jurisprudence of private international law (part II). Knowledge acquired in part I and part II played a significant role to the development of the proposed recommendations (conclusion) as regards commercial contracts in this thesis. Part III entails the implication of the application of connecting factors in international commercial contract disputes in three jurisdictions namely EU, Switzerland and England and Wales. The research methodology utilised in this thesis adopts a comparative approach, through which private international law rules in the aforementioned three legal systems, especially provisions concerning connecting factors, have been examined using qualitative research methods. The sources that have been particularly looked at are statutory instruments, court cases, writing of various renowned legal scholars, and recent developments in PIL within Swiss law, English law and EU law. The reasons of choosing the above mentioned three legal systems are that I have read law at English and Swiss universities, and the selected legal systems encompass civil law jurisdiction which is Switzerland, common law jurisdiction which is England and Wales as well as the understanding of private international law at the supranational level which is EU. These choices have helped me grasp and strengthen my knowledge of private international law elements, particularly connecting factors, from a comparative study perspective. The study concludes by proposing, based on the findings of the research, a supranational court adjudication system founded on online dispute resolution (ODR) for cross-border disputes, which I firmly believe shall be capable of resolving a number of issues particularly those related to connecting factors in cross-border civil disputes.
  • Publication
    Restriction temporaire
    La technologie, l'humain et le droit
    (Stämpfli, 2023)
    Les nouvelles technologies ont modifié en profondeur notre environnement et entraîné des bouleversements majeurs dans notre mode de vie. C'est dire l importance d élaborer des règles de droit qui soient adaptées aux enjeux de la société 4.0. Cet ouvrage regroupe les contributions de doctorants en droit qui se sont intéressés à cette thématique au cours d un séminaire organisé à Neuchâtel par la CUSO. L'analyse de la place de l'humain dans une société dont les contours sont définis par le droit et par la technologie amène à questionner le rôle de l'État dans la définition des règles applicables aux nouvelles technologies comme l'intelligence artificielle et la blockchain, ainsi qu à s'interroger sur l'influence des acteurs privés dans la régulation de nos activités en ligne. Les contributions traitent de domaines variés tels que les réseaux sociaux, la protection des données, la responsabilité et la cybercriminalité.
  • Publication
    Restriction temporaire
    Conflict-of-Laws Rules
    (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022)
  • Publication
    Accès libre
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    L’effet disruptif des smart contracts et des DAOs sur le droit international privé
    (Berne: Stämpfli Editions, 2021) ;
    Richa, Alexandre
    ;
    Canapa, Damiano
  • Publication
    Restriction temporaire
    Internationales Privatrecht, Bundesgesetz und Staatsverträge - Textausgabe
    (Bâle: Helbing Lichtenhahn, 2021)
    Bucher, Andreas
    ;
  • Publication
    Restriction temporaire