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Bianchi, Renzo

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Bianchi, Renzo
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Site web
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https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/1039

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Is Burnout a Depressive Condition? A 14-Sample Meta-Analytic and Bifactor Analytic Study
    (2021)
    Bianchi, Renzo 
    ;
    Jay Verkuilen
    ;
    Irvin S. Schonfeld
    ;
    Jari J. Hakanen
    ;
    Markus Jansson-Fröjmark
    ;
    Guadalupe Manzano-García
    ;
    Eric Laurent
    ;
    Meier, Laurenz Linus 
    There is no consensus on whether burnout constitutes a depressive condition or an original entity requiring specific medical and legal recognition. In this study, we examined burnout–depression overlap using 14 samples of individuals from various countries and occupational domains ( N = 12,417). Meta-analytically pooled disattenuated correlations indicated (a) that exhaustion—burnout’s core—is more closely associated with depressive symptoms than with the other putative dimensions of burnout (detachment and efficacy) and (b) that the exhaustion–depression association is problematically strong from a discriminant validity standpoint ( r = .80). The overlap of burnout’s core dimension with depression was further illuminated in 14 exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analyses. Given their consistency across countries, languages, occupations, measures, and methods, our results offer a solid base of evidence in support of the view that burnout problematically overlaps with depression. We conclude by outlining avenues of research that depart from the use of the burnout construct.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Harmonized burnout definition, finally. A systematic review, semantic analysis, and Delphi consensus in 29 countries
    (2020-12-1)
    Guseva Canu, Irina
    ;
    Marca, Sandy C
    ;
    Dell'Oro, Francesca 
    ;
    Balász, Á
    ;
    Bergamaschi, E
    ;
    Besse, C
    ;
    Bianchi, Renzo 
    ;
    Bislimovska, J
    ;
    Koscec Bjelajac, A
    ;
    Bugge, M
    ;
    Busneag, Cl
    ;
    Çağlayan, Ç
    ;
    Cernițanu, M
    ;
    Costa Pereira, C
    ;
    Dernovšček Hafner, N
    ;
    Droz, N
    ;
    Eglite, M
    ;
    Gündel, H
    ;
    Hakanen, JJ
    ;
    Iordache, RM
    ;
    Kiran, S
    ;
    Larese-Filon, F
    ;
    Lazor-Blanchet, C
    ;
    Légeron, P
    ;
    Majery, N
    ;
    Merisalu, E
    ;
    Mehlum, IS
    ;
    Michaud, L
    ;
    Mijakoski, D
    ;
    Minov, J
    ;
    Modenese, A
    ;
    Molan, M
    ;
    van der Molen, H
    ;
    Nena, E
    ;
    Nolimal, D
    ;
    Pletea, E
    ;
    Pranjic, N
    ;
    Rebergen, D
    ;
    Reste, J
    ;
    Schernhammer, E
    ;
    Wahlen, A
    Objective A consensual definition of occupational burnout is currently lacking. We aimed to harmonize the definition of occupational burnout as a health outcome in medical research and reach a consensus on this definition within the Network on the Coordination and Harmonisation of European Occupational Cohorts (OMEGA-NET). Methods First, we performed a systematic review in MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase (January 1990 to August 2018) and a semantic analysis of the available definitions. We used the definitions of burnout and burnout-related concepts from the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) to formulate a consistent harmonized definition of the concept. Second, we sought to obtain the Delphi consensus on the proposed definition. Results We identified 88 unique definitions of burnout and assigned each of them to 1 of the 11 original definitions. The semantic analysis yielded a first proposal, further reformulated according to SNOMED-CT and the panelists` comments as follows: "In a worker, occupational burnout or occupational physical AND emotional exhaustion state is an exhaustion due to prolonged exposure to work-related problems”. A panel of 50 experts (researchers and healthcare professionals with an interest for occupational burnout) reached consensus on this proposal at the second round of the Delphi, with 82% of experts agreeing on it. Conclusion This study resulted in a harmonized definition of occupational burnout approved by experts from 29 countries within OMEGA-NET. Future research should address the reproducibility of the Delphi consensus in a larger panel of experts, representing more countries, and examine the practicability of the definition.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    The Occupational Depression Inventory: A new tool for clinicians and epidemiologists
    (2020-9-15)
    Bianchi, Renzo 
    ;
    Schonfeld, Irvin Sam
    Background: Depressive symptoms induced by insurmountable job stress and sick leave for mental health reasons have become a focal concern among occupational health specialists. The present study introduces the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI), a measure designed to quantify the severity of work-attributed depressive symptoms and establish provisional diagnoses of job-ascribed depression. The ODI comprises nine symptom items and a subsidiary question assessing turnover intention. Methods: A total of 2,254 employed individuals were recruited in the U.S., New Zealand, and France. We examined the psychometric and structural properties of the ODI as well as the nomological network of work-attributed depressive symptoms. We adopted an approach centered on exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) bifactor analysis. We developed a diagnostic algorithm for identifying likely cases of job-ascribed depression (SPSS syntax provided). Results: The ODI showed strong reliability and high factorial validity. ESEM bifactor analysis indicated that, as intended, the ODI can be used as a unidimensional measure (Explained Common Variance = 0.891). Work-attributed depressive symptoms correlated in the expected direction with our other variables of interest―e.g., job satisfaction, general health status―and were markedly associated with turnover intention. Of our 2,254 participants, 7.6% (n = 172) met the criteria for a provisional diagnosis of job-ascribed depression. Conclusions: This study suggests that the ODI constitutes a sound measure of work-attributed depressive symptoms. The ODI may help occupational health researchers and practitioners identify, track, and treat job-ascribed depression more effectively. ODI-based research may contribute to informing occupational health policies and regulations in the future.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Burnout-depression overlap: A study of New Zealand schoolteachers
    Bianchi, Renzo 
    ;
    Mayor, Eric 
    ;
    Schonfeld, Irvin S
    ;
    Laurent, Eric
    We examined the overlap of burnout with depression in a sample of 184 New Zealand schoolteachers. Burnout and depressive symptoms were strongly correlated with each other (r = .73; disattenuated correlation: .82) and moderately correlated with dysfunctional attitudes, ruminative responses, and pessimistic attributions. All the participants with high frequencies of burnout symptoms were identified as clinically depressed. Suicidal ideation was reported by 36% of those participants. Three groups of teachers emerged from a two-step cluster analysis: “low burnout-depression,” “medium burnout-depression,” and “high burnout-depression.” The correlation between the affective-cognitive and somatic symptoms of depression was similar in strength to the burnout-depression correlation. Consistent with recent results obtained in Europe and the U.S., our findings suggest that burnout is a depressive syndrome.