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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Ordinary Ottomans: post-World War I settlements and experiences of the end of empire
    (2024)
    Aline Schlaepfer
    ;
    Tejel, Jordi 
    In the introduction to this special issue, we address the concepts of ordinariness and Ottomanness, and how they intersect within the general context of the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire.1 Given the already existing scholarship on ordinary groups or individuals in the history of the Middle East, we first position ordinariness as context-specific; that is, we understand it as subjected to various forms of exclusion from the elite. Second, within the framework of the major political changes that characterise the end of Empire we explore ordinariness and how it is embedded in everyday life and practices. We interrogate the capacities of individuals to maintain regularity through ordinary practices, after or despite a disruptive episode. We argue that persisting with everyday life practices despite crisis can serve as a strategy to reclaim spaces of autonomy from power structures. However, we also demonstrate that ordinary individuals, being vulnerable subjects or citizens, are also subject to change. These questions eventually lead us to rethink the debate on ‘continuities and ruptures’ within the post-Ottoman context. We suggest that framing Ottomanness as a time-marker, rather than as an identity-marker (Ottoman-era), allows us to focus on how groups and individuals coped with these changes, rather than attempting to define them.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    "The Kurds and World War II: Some Considerations for a Social History Perspective"
    (Prague: OJS, 2023-10-29)
    Tejel, Jordi 
    Scholars generally argue that during the Second World War the Middle East, and the Kurdish areas in particular, was a peripheral theatre of an otherwise global war. While this is largely true, it seems necessary to introduce some nuances into this analysis. A view from the borderlands, combined with a socio-historical approach to how the war was experienced on a daily basis behind the front line, reveals that military tensions, large-scale arms smuggling, inflation, food shortages and economic migration were common features in the Kurdish borderlands between 1941 and 1945. Furthermore, looking at the uneventful can help us to better understand the context in which the Kurdish nationalist movement developed during the war and in the immediate post-war years.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Pêwendîya Franko-Kurdî Li Lubnan û Surîyeyê (1930-1946) û Bandora Wê Li Ser Avabûna Nasnameya Neteweyî Ya Kurdî
    (2021-4-1)
    Tejel, Jordi 
    Ev nivîs pêşî berê xwe dide wê ramana oryantalîzmê ya di navbera her du şerên cihanê de û bi dû ra bala nivîsê dikişîne, tîne ser têgeha nasnameya kurdî û dipirse ka elîtên Kurdan kengî, çira û çawa xebat kirin ku konsepteke maqûl ya nasnameya kurdî ava bibe. Ji ber pêşveçûnên li Rojhilata Navîn, ev xebata ji bo avakirina nasnameyê an jî çêkirina “civakeke yekgirtî ya xeyalî” -mebest ji civakê, civaka kurmanca ye- di bin bandora fransîyan da pêk hat, ji ber ku hingê Sûrîye di bin desthilata fransîyan da bû. Pêwendîya di navbera karmendên fransî û rewşenbîrên kurd da welê kir ku di encama hevkarîya wan da berhemên nivîskî derkevin holê ku him hêz û îlhamê da ji bo avakirina nasnameya kurdî, him jî îmaja kurdan li Ewropayê xweş kir. Lê di çêkirina nasnameyeke kurdî da ku her kesê ku dixwest nikaribû tevî wê proseya çêkir- inê bibe, encameke berbiçav derket holê: “Rewşenbîrê Ewropa dîtî” mecbûr man di nav civakeke sembolîk da bijîn, ev civak ji wê civaka berê gellekî cuda bû ewa ku yên ne-elît yan jî elîtên ‘adetî wekî şêx û serok’eşîr tê de xwedî- hukm bûn.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    « Des femmes contre des moutons » Franchissements féminins de la frontière turco-syrienne (1929-1944)
    (2020-4-7)
    Tejel, Jordi 
    En croisant les apports des études de genre et des border studies, cet article étudie les conditions de vie des femmes dans les zones rurales à l’extrémité orientale de la frontière turco-syrienne (Haute Jazîra) ainsi que leur capacité d’agentivité, en explorant la mobilité transfrontalière de courte distance. Adoptant une approche décentrée de l’histoire, l’article montre ensuite combien l’analyse de la coopération frontalière pour faire face aux affaires diverses touchant à des femmes permet d’approfondir non seulement nos connaissances sur la manière dont le droit s’incarne, mais également d’appréhender les processus complexes de construction étatique dans un contexte marqué par d’âpres enjeux frontaliers entre la Turquie et la Syrie.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    « Des femmes contre des moutons »: Franchissements féminins de la frontière turco-syrienne (1929-1944)
    (2020)
    Tejel, Jordi 
    Au cours des années 1930 et 1940, la frontière entre la Turquie et la Syrie sous mandat français s’avère bien plus poreuse que ne le souhaiteraient les autorités frontalières. Parmi les personnes passant d’un pays à l’autre se trouvent de nombreuses femmes pour lesquelles le franchissement de la frontière constitue souvent une manière de reprendre en main le cours de leur existence. Comme le montre cet article, ces passages illégaux constituent également une ressource dans l’équilibre des forces entre les deux pays qui mettent alors en place un fragile « régime frontalier ».
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    The Special Issue ‘Forced Migration and Refugeedom in the Modern Middle East’ Towards Connected Histories of Refugeedom in the Middle East
    (2020)
    Tejel, Jordi 
    ;
    Öztan, Ramazan Hakki 
    This special issue approaches the study of refugees and forcibly displaced persons in the Middle East beyond the analytic bounds dictated by states, nations and regions. Each author is interested in showing connections, influences, and far-reaching consequences that cut across analytic boundaries. By challenging state-centred accounts and instead placing refugees, institutions, and states in a mutually interactive framework, each contributor frames refugees as the driving force behind various historical processes. By providing a range of case studies drawn from the Middle East, the volume also marks a step away from the Euro-centrism that so often defines the study of refugees and shows the centrality of the developments in Europe for the Middle East and the developments in the Middle East for Europe. We therefore propose the connected histories of refugeedom as the historiographical way forward in the study of refugees.
  • Publication
    Accès libre