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Küpfer, Philippe

Nom
Küpfer, Philippe
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeur honoraire
Email
philippe.kuepfer@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/301

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    History or ecology? Substrate type as a major driver of patial genetic structure in Alpine plants
    (2009)
    Alvarez, Nadir
    ;
    Thiel-Egenter, Conny
    ;
    Tribsch, Andreas
    ;
    Holderegger, Rolf
    ;
    Manel, Stéphanie
    ;
    Schönswetter, Peter
    ;
    Taberlet, Pierre
    ;
    Brodbeck, Sabine
    ;
    Gaudeul, Myriam
    ;
    Gielly, Ludovic
    ;
    Küpfer, Philippe 
    ;
    Mansion, Guilhem
    ;
    Negrini, Riccardo
    ;
    Paun, Ovidiu
    ;
    Pellecchia, Marco
    ;
    Rioux, Delphine
    ;
    Schüpfer, Fanny
    ;
    Van Loo, Marcela
    ;
    Winkler, Manuela
    ;
    Gugerli, Felix
    ;
    IntraBioDiv Consortium
    Climatic history and ecology are considered the most important factors moulding the spatial pattern of genetic diversity. With the advent of molecular markers, species' historical fates have been widely explored. However, it has remained speculative what role ecological factors have played in shaping spatial genetic structures within species. With an unprecedented, dense large-scale sampling and genome-screening, we tested how ecological factors have influenced the spatial genetic structures in Alpine plants. Here, we show that species growing on similar substrate types, largely determined by the nature of bedrock, displayed highly congruent spatial genetic structures. As the heterogeneous and disjunctive distribution of bedrock types in the Alps, decisive for refugial survival during the ice ages, is temporally stable, concerted post-glacial migration routes emerged. Our multispecies study demonstrates the relevance of particular ecological factors in shaping genetic patterns, which should be considered when modelling species projective distributions under climate change scenarios.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Cytogeography of Gentianaceae–Exaceae in Africa, with a special focus on Sebaea: the possible role of dysploidy and polyploidy in the evolution of the tribe
    (2008)
    Kissling, Jonathan 
    ;
    Zeltner, Louis
    ;
    Küpfer, Philippe 
    ;
    Mansion, Guilhem
    Unlike other tribes of Gentianaceae, Exaceae have so far received little attention regarding their karyological evolution. Indeed, only 35 chromosome number counts (19 species) have been referenced to date, representing only a negligible fraction of the tribal diversity. In this paper, we performed an intensive chromosome count on material collected in the field (South and central Africa, plus Madagascar), encompassing 155 populations and c. 60 species from four genera of Exaceae, including Exacum, Ornichia, Sebaea and Tachiadenus. Fifty nine species (14 Exacum, one Ornichia, 42 Sebaea and two Tachiadenus) were examined for the first time, revealing a broad set of chromosome numbers (2n = 18, 28, 32, 36, 42, 56) and the occurrence of polyploid systems within Exacum and Sebaea. These results allow us to postulate x = 7, 8 or 9 as possible base chromosome numbers for Exaceae and emphasize the importance of both dysploidy and polyploidy processes in the evolution of the tribe. Finally, chromosome numbers appear to be associated to some morphological or geographical traits, suggesting new systematic combinations and likely active speciation patterns in the group.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Monophyly and relationships of the tribe Exaceae (Gentianaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequences
    (2003)
    Yuan, Yong-Ming
    ;
    Wohlhauser, Sébastien
    ;
    Moller, Michael
    ;
    Chassot, Philippe
    ;
    Mansion, Guilhem
    ;
    Grant, Jason 
    ;
    Küpfer, Philippe 
    ;
    Klackenberg, Jens
    Both chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences highly confirmed the monophyly of the tribes of the Gentianaceae defined by the recent classification, and revealed the tribe Exaceae as a basal clade just next to the basal-most lineage, the tribe Saccifolieae. Within the tribe Exaceae, Sebaea (except Sebaea madagascariensis) appeared as the most basal clade as the sister group to the rest of the tribe. The Madagascan endemic genera Gentianothamnus and Tachicrdenus were very closely related to each other, together standing as sister to a clade comprising Sebaea madagascariensis, Ornichia, and Exacum. The saprophytic genus Cotylanthera nested deeply inside Exacum. Sebaea madagascariensis was shown closer to the Madagascan endemic genus Ornichia than to any other sampled Sebaea species. Exacum appeared as the most derived taxon within this tribe. The topology of the phylogenetic trees conform with the Gondwana vicariance hypothesis regarding the biogeography of Exaceae. However, no evidence for matching the older relationships within the family to the tectonic history could be corroborated with various divergence time analyses. Divergence dating estimated a post-Gondwana diverging of the Gentianaceae about 50 million years ago (MYA), and the tribe Exaceae as about 40 MYA. The Mozambique Channel land-bridge could have played an important role in the biogeographic history of the tribe Exaceae. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Monophyly and relationships of the tribe Exaceae (Gentianaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequences
    Yuan, Yong-Ming
    ;
    Wohlhauser, Sébastien
    ;
    Möller, Michael
    ;
    Chassot, Philippe
    ;
    Mansion, Guilhem
    ;
    Grant, Jason 
    ;
    Küpfer, Philippe 
    ;
    Klackenberg, Jens
    Both chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron and nuclear ribosomal ITSsequences highly confirmed the monophyly of the tribes of the Gentianaceae defined by the recent classification, and revealed the tribe Exaceae as a basal clade just next to the basal-most lineage, the tribe Saccifolieae. Within the tribe Exaceae, Sebaea (except Sebaea madagascariensis) appeared as the most basal clade as the sister group to the rest of the tribe. The Madagascan endemic genera Gentianothamnus and Tachiadenus were very closely related to each other, together standing as sister to a clade comprising Sebaea madagascariensis, Ornichia, and Exacum. The saprophytic genus Cotylanthera nested deeply inside Exacum. Sebaea madagascariensis was shown closer to the Madagascan endemic genus Ornichia than to any other sampled Sebaea species. Exacum appeared as the most derived taxon within this tribe. The topology of the phylogenetic trees conform with the Gondwana vicariance hypothesis regarding the biogeography of Exaceae. However, no evidence for matching the older relationships within the family to the tectonic history could be corroborated with various divergence time analyses. Divergence dating estimated a post-Gondwana diverging of the Gentianaceae about 50 million years ago (MYA), and the tribe Exaceae as about 40 MYA. The Mozambique Channel land-bridge could have played an important role in the biogeographic history of the tribe Exaceae.