Kaenzig, Raoul

2017-12-4, Klauser, Francisco, Kaenzig, Raoul

Erstmals in der Schweiz wurden die Auswirkungen von Überwachungskameras auf das Leben eines Quartiers in einer umfassenden, langfristig angelegten Studie untersucht. Hinsichtlich der Präventionswirkung der Kameras lässt sich aus den polizeilichen Statistiken keine Senkung der Kriminalität ableiten. Das nächtliche Sicherheitsgefühl von Seiten der Bevölkerung hingegen hat sich bei rund einem Drittel der Befragten erhöht. Allerdings ziehen die Befragten eine verstärkte Polizeipräsenz respektive eine bessere Strassenbeleuchtung gegenüber einer Ausweitung der Videoüberwachung vor.

2016-11-15, Kaenzig, Raoul, Klauser, Francisco

Depuis mi-octobre 2014, le quartier des Pâquis est équipé de 29 caméras qui filment 24/24h et 7/7j un périmètre compris entre la place de Cornavin et les rues du Mont-Blanc, de Berne, Pellegrino-Rossi, De-Monthoux et de Fribourg. S'agissant d'un projet pilote, une évaluation indépendante sur cinq axes a été réalisée. Les résultats finaux sont présentés après deux ans d'exploitation.

2016, Brandt, Regine, Kaenzig, Raoul, Susanne, Lachmuth

Mountain regions are among the most vulnerable areas with regard to global environmental changes. In the Bolivian Andes, for example, environmental risks, such as those related to climate change, are numerous and often closely intertwined with social risks. Rural households are therefore characterized by high mobility, which is a traditional strategy of risk management. Nowadays, most rural households are involved in multi-residency or circular migratory movements at a regional, national, and international scale. Taking the case of two rural areas close to the city of La Paz, we analyzed migration patterns and drivers behind migrant household decisions in the Bolivian Andes. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with selected respondents from 68 households. The drivers for migration were categorized, their relative importance was calculated, and generalized linear mixed models were applied for statistical analyses. Our results underline that migration is a traditional peasant household strategy to increase income and manage livelihood risks under rising economic pressures, scarcity of land, insufficient local off-farm work opportunities, and low agricultural productivity. Migration predominantly occurs to nearby urban areas located in the same region. Climatic variability and water scarcity, which have increased through climate change, play crucial roles as additional stressors for agricultural production. Our results suggest that environmental factors do not drive migration independently, but are rather combined with socio-economic factors. There is a need for more research on the links between environmental changes driven by climate change and other factors and their effects on migration dynamics and rural development in the Bolivian Andes and adjacent areas.

2016, Guélat, Jérémie, Piguet, Etienne, Kaenzig, Raoul

2017-7-6, Klauser, Francisco, Kaenzig, Raoul

En s’appuyant sur des statistiques policières, cet article étudie les effets du dispositif de vidéosurveillance installé en novembre 2014 au quartier des Pâquis à Genève sur l’évolution de la criminalité au sein du périmètre filmé ainsi qu’aux alentours. Cette analyse complète un article précédent portant sur les effets des caméras concernant le sentiment de sécurité (Klauser et Kaenzig, 2017). Nos résultats mettent en évidence les effets préventifs limités de ce type de dispositif. En outre, l’article démontre et problématise l’existence d’un effetde déplacement de la criminalité induit par les caméras, en particulier s’agissant de la problématique du trafic de stupéfiants. Dans son ensemble, cette analyse génère une image complexe et différencié de la vidéosurveillance en tant qu’instrument de territorialisation des espaces publics surveillés.

2016-2-8, Kaenzig, Raoul, Rebetez, Martine, Serquet, Gaelle

Over the last 40 years, warmer temperatures have caused a considerable decrease in snow cover on glaciers and high rates of glacial melt, particularly in tropical mountains. In the Bolivian Andes, the Chacaltaya glacier (5400 masl) had been a tourist destination known as the highest ski slope in the world since 1939. As a result of climate change, skiing has not been possible after 1987 and the glacier definitely disappeared in 2009. However, since 2005, the place has become a new attraction for tourists. Travel agencies in La Paz now offer day trips to the Chacaltaya site. In order to understand the present attraction of the site and its potential for reproduction elsewhere, 25 semi-structured interviews were conducted with various categories of stakeholders involved in the tourism industry in La Paz, and archives and images were analysed. Our results show that the multifunctional character of this tourist site, including easy access to a summit, beautiful views, acclimatisation to altitude and opportunity to experience snow, are key factors in its renewed attraction for visitors, together with, to a lesser extent, the incentive of being able to watch a famous and evident full disappearance of a glacier and former ski slope. The stakeholders' groups share general views and perceptions about environmental changes and about the qualities of the site, but they also differ in terms of projects and evaluation of potential attractiveness. In particular, the development of the visibility of climate change impacts on mountain environment is valued by experts or by members of the Andean Club, but not by travel agencies. The example of Chacaltaya shows that multifunctional tourist sites may still be attractive in the future.

2016, Schwilch, Gudrun, Sudmeier-Rieux, Karen, Jaquet, Stéphanie, Kaenzig, Raoul

This study examines the impacts of migration on land management in a mountain area of Nepal, complemented by insights from a smaller case study in Bolivia. Migration to cities and abroad increasingly leaves behind fragmented families and the elderly. Livelihoods as well as the management of land are affected by a changing labor force, traditional knowledge, remittances, and other consequences of migration. In this study, we explore how these issues affect land and its management, and what measures and strategies are being taken by the people left behind. Mapping methodology from the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT) was used to assess land management practices in a subwatershed in Western Nepal. In combination with other research methods, the mapping enabled a better understanding of the impacts of migration on land degradation and conservation. Preliminary findings reveal negative as well as positive impacts. The main degradation problem found was the growth of invasive alien plant species, while overall vegetation and forest cover had increased, and some types of degradation, such as soil erosion or landslides, were even reduced. A feminization of agriculture has also been observed in the Nepali case study, in contrast to the Bolivian case which revealed that whole families were migrating, with mostly men temporarily returning to manage the land. The findings of this study suggest that a more differentiated and context-specific view is required when looking at the impact of migration on land management.

2016-12-13, Kaenzig, Raoul

Une fois de plus, les habitants de La Paz, siège du gouvernement de la Bolivie, n’ont plus accès à l’eau courante et les réserves n’ont jamais été aussi basses. Le Président andin Evo Morales Ayma a déclaré l’état d’urgence la semaine dernière. Attribuant cette crise au changement climatique, il annonçait à cette occasion que le « pire était encore à venir ». Pour les habitants de La Paz les mesures de rationnements sont drastiques : 3 heures d’eau courante à basse pression tous les 3 jours, selon les quartiers.

2016-1-28, Kaenzig, Raoul, Klauser, Francisco

La mise en service de 29 caméras de vidéosurveillance fin 2014 dans le quartier des Pâquis avait fait grand bruit à Genève. Des associations d’habitants, les syndicats de travailleuses du sexe ainsi que certains politiques s'étaient farouchement opposés à ce que l’Etat filme leur quartier 24/24h. A l’inverse, certains commerçants et habitants, ne supportant plus le bruit et les déprédations, réclamaient des mesures sécuritaires plus rigoureuses et accueillaient favorablement ce système de surveillance. Qu'en est-il, un an après la mise en service des caméras? Le point en détails.

2016, Guélat, Jérémie, Kaenzig, Raoul, Piguet, Etienne

À l'aide de plus de 100 cartes, graphiques et diagrammes et de nombreuses études de cas concrets, cet ouvrage pionnier, coordonné par trois des meilleurs experts des migrations environnementales, dresse un état des lieux inédit et propose des pistes pour répondre à ce grand défi du XXIe siècle.