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Ravazzini, Laura
Résultat de la recherche
Inégalités de patrimoine et bien-être subjectif chez les seniors en Europe
2019-10-29, Brulé, Gaël, Ravazzini, Laura, Suter, Christian
Childcare and Maternal Part-Time Employment: A Natural Experiment Using Swiss Cantons
2018-1-1, Ravazzini, Laura
Fuelled by federal stimuli of 440 million Swiss francs, the staggered expansion of childcare in many cantons allows the evaluation of this family policy on female labour supply. With new cantonal data, this study analyses both the decision to participate in the labour market and the intensity of participation. Empirical results of difference-indifferences regressions show that mothers who live in cantons that have expanded their childcare services more than the national average work at higher percentage rates. The reform stimulated part-time employment of between 20 and 36 hours per week by 2 percentage points. The expansion of childcare particularly affected women with two children and upper-secondary education, who are married or cohabit with their partner.
The Impact of Female Labour Force Participation on Household Income Inequality in Switzerland
2017-3-1, Kuhn, Ursina, Ravazzini, Laura
This paper investigates whether an increase in female labour force participation comes at the price of higher household income inequality. Using data from the Household Panel, we decompose household income, distinguishing between part-time and full-time work. We find that female labour force participation has slightly attenuated household income inequality in Switzerland. Women’s entry into the labour market, increasing work-percentages and the very weak correlation in partner’s earnings mainly contributed to this effect. Full-time work, however, will not reduce inequality further in the future.
From one recession to another: Longitudinal impacts on the quality of life of vulnerable groups
2018-6-1, Simona, Jehane, Ravazzini, Laura
At the beginning of the 2000s, Switzerland went through two global recessions: the Dot-com crisis and the Great Recession. Even though it experienced milder effects compared to its European neighbours, Swiss unemployment increased considerably compared to its status quo. This paper aims to explore the resilience of vulnerable groups to these economic downturns using both objective (income poverty and material deprivation) and subjective (wellbeing and satisfaction with the financial situation) indicators of quality of life. To analyse how quality of life evolved since the early 2000s, we use a longitudinal database: the Swiss Household Panel. When both objective and subjective indicators were used, our results suggest that the dot-com crisis had a stronger negative effect on vulnerable groups. This was particularly true with regards to single parents and large families who experienced a marked decline when assessed using objective indicators. Disadvantaged groups during the first crisis reacted in different ways during the second crisis. Some groups (the unemployed, the low-educated and the solo self-employed) experienced some scarring effects; others were resilient and continued with their normal trends (migrants and the young) or registered an improvement in their conditions (single parents and large families). Single parents are the group that performed better during and after the Great Recession according to both objective and subjective indicators.
Do opposites attract? Educational assortative mating and dynamics of wage homogamy in Switzerland 1992-2014
2017-12-11, Ravazzini, Laura, Kuhn, Ursina, Suter, Christian
This paper addresses homogamy and assortative mating in Switzerland. The empirical analysis monitors trends for education and hourly wages using the Swiss Labour Force Survey and the Swiss Household Panel. The analysis disentangles the effects of educational expansion from mating patterns and incorporates not only couples, but also singles. Results show an increasing level of assortative mating both for education and for wages. For wage homogamy, selection is more important than adaptation.
Strutture d’accoglienza della prima infanzia e opportunità per le donne che lavorano
2016-5-15, Ravazzini, Laura
Negli ultimi quindici anni il tessuto socioeconomico svizzero è cambiato e la partecipazione femminile al mercato del lavoro è fortemente aumentata anche tra le madri con figli piccoli. Le cause di questo cambiamento sono state però poco monitorate. Utilizzando la Rilevazione sulle forze di lavoro in Svizzera (RIFOS) e dati primari raccolti presso gli uffici cantonali di competenza, questo studio mira a quantificare le probabilità di una partecipazione femminile attiva al mercato del lavoro, tenendo conto del ruolo svolto dalla presenza di posti negli asili nido. I risultati di questa indagine, che mette a confronto diversi cantoni svizzeri (compreso il Ticino), mostrano come una crescita dei posti negli asili nido cantonali superiore alla media favorisca la partecipazione delle donne al mercato del lavoro. Nella prima parte dell’articolo si presenta la problematica e si contestualizza il Ticino nei confronti del resto della Svizzera. Nella seconda si cerca invece di capire se un aumento di posti negli asili nido porti ad un aumento di partecipazione delle donne al mercato del lavoro svizzero.
Inequality and Wealth: Comparing the Gender Wealth Gap in Switzerland and Australia
2018-6-1, Ravazzini, Laura, Chesters, Jenny
Although the gender gap in incomes has been extensively researched, scant attention has been paid the gender wealth gap. This paper compares the gender wealth gap in Australia with that of Switzerland. Using data from the 2010 Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) and the 2012 Swiss Household Panel (SHP), we find that the gender wealth gap can be attributed to differences in permanent income and education. Furthermore, the gender wealth gap is much larger in Switzerland than in Australia. We link this finding to the type of wealth held by individuals in these two countries. Differences in wealth accumulation among women in Switzerland and Australia are likely to be linked to the housing market and to family policies for (single) mothers.
Which Inequality Makes People Dissatisfied with Their Lives? Evidence of the Link between Life Satisfaction and Inequalities
2017-3-21, Ravazzini, Laura, Chávez-Juárez, Florian
This paper aims at establishing a clear link between different types of inequality and life satisfaction in Europe. We analyse the relationship between life satisfaction and both income inequality and inequality of opportunity using seven waves of the European Social Survey (ESS). The results show that in Europe both income inequality and inequality of opportunity reduce people’s life satisfaction. Our main results suggest that all socio-economic groups are dissatisfied with income inequality, whereas primarily low socio-economic individuals worry about inequality of opportunity. We find that expected mobility is very important in explaining the link between inequality and life satisfaction for all socio-economic groups in Europe. We advance the hypothesis that life satisfaction is conditioned by a mix of normative arguments against inequality and by the fear/possibility to lose/gain a good social position. This result complements findings on the mediating role of social mobility in the relationship with subjective well-being (SWB).
Economic Inequalities in Rich Countries: A Review of Recent Publications and Research Directions
2015-3-1, Ravazzini, Laura
Review article of three books on economic inequality.