Isolation of Pea Thioredoxin <i>f</i> Precursor Protein and Characterization of its Biochemical Properties

Like many other soluble chloroplastic enzymes, thioredoxin <i>f</i> is nuclear-encoded and expressed as a precursor protein. After synthesis in the cytosol, it is imported into the chloroplast with subsequent cleavage of the transit sequence in the stroma. We report the expression and the partial purification of the recombinant precursor thioredoxin <i>f</i> protein. The prethioredoxin <i>f</i> was found to be located essentially in the insoluble <i>Echerichia coli</i> fraction, but could be renatured after urea treatment followed by dialysis. The renatured protein was active in the dithiothreitol- and thioredoxin-dependent activation of NADP malate dehydrogenase and also of fructose bisphosphatase and in the ferredoxin–thioredoxin-dependent fructose bisphosphatase activation. These data are discussed in relation with the known properties of mature thioredoxin <i>f</i>.