A 3D geological model of a structurally complex Alpine region as a basis for interdisciplinary research

Certain applications, such as understanding the influence of bedrock geology on hydrology in complex
mountainous settings, demand 3D geological models that are detailed, high-resolution, accurate, and
spatially-extensive. However, developing models with these characteristics remains challenging. Here, we
present a dataset corresponding to a renowned tectonic entity in the Swiss Alps - the Nappe de Morcles -
that does achieve these criteria. Locations of lithological interfaces and formation orientations were first
extracted from existing sources. Then, using state-of-the-art algorithms, the interfaces were interpolated.
Finally, an iterative process of evaluation and re-interpolation was undertaken. The geology was
satisfactorily reproduced; modelled interfaces correspond well with the input data, and the estimated
volumes seem plausible. Overall, 18 formations, including their associated secondary folds and selected
faults, are represented at 10m resolution. Numerous environmental investigations in the study area could
benefit from the dataset; indeed, it is already informing integrated hydrological (snow/surface-water/
groundwater) simulations. Our work demonstrates the potential that now exists to develop complex, highquality
geological models in support of contemporary Alpine research, augmenting traditional geological information in the process.