Towards the biocontrol of bindweeds with a mycoherbicide

Within the framework of the European COST Action 816, afive-year collaboration between scientists from five Europeancountries has made an important contribution to biologicalcontrol of field and hedge bindweeds (<i>Convolvulus arvensis</i> and <i>Calystegia sepium</i>, respectively). A fungus <i>Stagonosporaconvolvuli</i> strain LA39, able to infect both field and hedgebindweed, was found in the UK and its biocontrol efficacyimproved by optimising mass production, formulation and storagetechniques. This fungus controlled bindweeds in both a cemeteryand in maize crops. Its use fits best in an integrated pestmanagement system where a green cover controls most of the weedsexcept the bindweeds. DNA marker analyses indicate that thefungus reproduces sexually, which could be used to furtherimprove this mycoherbicide. In addition, the insect <i>Melanagromyzaalbocilia</i>, which itself exhibits biocontrol potential againstbindweeds, may be used in combination with LA39 to improve theability of the fungus to penetrate the stem of bindweeds.Overall, the results suggest that <i>S. convolvuli</i> LA39 haspromising potential as a bioherbicide for control of field andhedge bindweed.