Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 20
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Changing one’s foodway: Creativity as repositioning
    (London: Palgrave, 2019) ;
    Lebuda, Izabela
    ;
    Glaveanu, Vlad Petre
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    “I have the feeling that we never do well enough”. Positioning in a landscape of normative discourses
    (2019-8-19)
    Paper presented in the double symposium "Measured and imagined lives: experiences of development within constraints"; Chairs: Pernille Hviid, University of Copenhagen & Tania Zittoun, University of Neuchâtel Abstract: In the WEIRD (western, educated, industrial, rich and democratic) countries (Henrich et al., 2010), a large majority of people regularly consumes products of animal origin. Examining the justification for meat consumption among those who eat it, researchers identified what they call the 4Ns: meat consumption is presented as necessary, normal, nice and natural (Piazza et al., 2015). In that sense, vegetarianism constitutes a deviant behavior to this norm (Boyle, 2011), that provokes reactions as it questions the taken-for-granted normality and necessity of meat consumption (Larue, 2015). However, the issue of meat consumption also intersects with many other normative discourses, such as being an ethical consumer, being a hedonist or being coherent in one’s choices. In this paper, I examine the way people who recently changed their foodway regarding food of animal origin navigate among these different discourses. In order to do so, I will draw mainly on Benson’s theorization of the self as a locative system that allows humans to orient and position themselves in material and symbolic landscapes (Benson, 2001). Analyzing data collected through narrative interviews and a dialogic experiment, I will examine how participants, in the positioning process, engage with these norms and how they measure themselves as doing well enough, exaggerating or failing. I argue that Benson’s approach is a useful tool for analyzing the positioning in a specific normative landscape, but that it tends to overlook the question of the resources and conditions that make a dialogue with the normative discourses possible.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Difficulties in positioning as veg*an: Two distinctions to examine positioning
    Positioning and position are notions that are quite often used currently in psychology, mostly with reference to Dialogical Self Theory and Positioning Theory. In this article, drawing on these two approaches as well as on socio-cultural psychology, I elaborate an integrative understanding of positioning. It includes a distinction between the socio-material, socio-discursive and moral dimensions of positioning, as well as a distinction between microgenetic, ontogenetic and sociogenetic scales of positioning. I illustrate the hermeneutical power of this theoretical proposition through the presentation of a study of positioning regarding the consumption of products of animal origin. I present an analysis of data collected in 2016 in a Swiss canton with qualitative semi-structured interviews with 10 participants. I focus on difficulties in positioning and show how the classical approach in terms of I-positions, and analyses based on the two distinctions presented above, allow differentiated insights on dynamics underlying the difficulties to position as a vegetarian or vegan.
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Changing one’s foodway: Creativity as repositioning
    (London: Palgrave, 2018)
    Lebuda, Izabela
    ;
    Glăveanu, Vlad Petre
  • Publication
    Métadonnées seulement
    Vegetarianism or seeking the right foodway: moral standpoints in dialogue
    Eating is, at least to some extent, charged with morality and values. As a concrete activity, it is an occasion to link ideas and actions, as well as relating to the world and to others (Mintz, 1996). Far from being merely a physiological question, it is a highly cultural and social part of life (Anderson, 2005). Meat consumption in particular raises value questions, as it supposes the killing of animals (Poulain, 2007). In this presentation, I propose to analyze the discourse produced by people about their meat consumption, or rather, in this case, the non-consumption of meat which is defining for vegetarianism, as a dialogue mobilizing different moral standpoints. The material analyzed comes from interviews focused on food practices and representations. I propose to analyze the development of a vegetarian foodway as a creative construction, involving practices and discourses, in relation with different others and strongly oriented by values, but also questioning and reconstructing these values.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    “As a vegetarian, we never do well enough”. Positioning in the normative landscape of meat consumption
    Food is an area that receives little attention from psychologists, despite the fact that it provides many interesting situations and dilemmas through which human activity and development can be examined. Currently –at least in the WEIRD (western, educated, industrial, rich and democratic) countries (Henrich et al., 2010), –these activities are an important object of normative discourses and injunctions about how we should behave as consumers and how we should eat, notably when it comes to products of animal origin and meat in particular. In these countries, a large majority of people regularly consumes meat. Vegetarianism can be seen as a deviant behavior to this norm (Boyle, 2011), that provokes reactions as it questions the taken-for-granted normality and necessity of meat consumption (Larue, 2015). However, the issue of meat consumption also intersects with many other normative discourses, such as the imperatives to be an ethical consumerorto be a hedonist. In this paper, I examine how people orient themselves in relation to these norms and possibly take distance from some of them. More specifically I propose to do so through the notion of positioning. Position and positioning are notions that are increasingly used and discussed in psychology. The theorization of these notions is recent, and thus quite disparate (Gülerce et al., 2014), although a few scholars worked on possible synthesis of different traditions (Gillespie & Martin, 2014; Raggatt, 2015). I argue that examining positioning processes in relation to normative discourses and behaviors constitutes a way to understand the relation between the person and some social norms, and that this use will also contribute to deepen the conceptualization of positioning. I draw on empirical work conducted with people who recently changed their habits of consumption of food of animal origin. The questions I examine are: how do people position themselves in the normative and contested world of consumption of food of animal origin, and what are the processes possibly allowing them to question and transgress the norms in this area.