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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Multimodal practice for mobilizing response: The case of turn-final tu vois ‘you see’ in French talk-in-interaction
    One of the most frequent verbal expressions that people use when interacting with each other in French is tu vois ‘you see’ (Cappeau 2004). Drawing on interactional linguistics and multimodal analysis, we examine the interactional functioning of this verbal expression when occurring in turn-final position. Previous studies on tu vois ‘you see’ in this position document only its use for marking the end of an utterance or for turn-yielding. The following aspects have thus far remained unexplored: The interactional environment in which the construction occurs, how it is connected to the speaker’s embodied conduct, the way in which it contributes to mobilizing a response from the recipient, as well as the nature of this response. Our paper addresses these issues and shows that turn-final tu vois ‘you see’ is systematically produced with a final rising intonation and coupled with the speaker’s gaze directed to the recipient. This multimodal practice is recurrently deployed in turns conveying the speaker’s emotional stance, in turns performing a dispreferred action, like disagreeing, and in turns claiming insufficient knowledge. The response that is invited using this multimodal practice is distinctly tailored to each of these actions: an affiliative response, an aligning response, and a response addressing the prior speaker’s claim of insufficient knowledge from the recipient’s own point of view. By presenting an in-depth study of the action sequences in which tu vois ‘you see’ is employed, as well as of its multimodal packaging, this contribution highlights the prospective, i.e. response-mobilizing potential of this interactional resource and shows that its use entails sequential implications even when it accompanies actions that project only weakly a response from the recipient.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Multimodal assemblies for prefacing a dispreferred response: A cross-linguistic analysis
    (2021-9-27) ;
    Polak-Yitzhaki, Hilla
    ;
    Li, Xiaoting
    ;
    ;
    Havlík, Martin
    ;
    Keevallik, Leelo
    In this paper we examine how participants’ multimodal conduct maps onto one of the basic organizational principles of social interaction: preference organization – and how it does so in a similar manner across five different languages (Czech, French, Hebrew, Mandarin, and Romanian). Based on interactional data from these languages, we identify a recurrent multimodal practice that respondents deploy in turn-initial position in dispreferred responses to various first actions, such as information requests, assessments, proposals, and informing. The practice involves the verbal delivery of a turn-initial expression corresponding to English ‘I don’t know’ and its variants (‘dunno’) coupled with gaze aversion from the prior speaker. We show that through this ‘multimodal assembly’ respondents preface a dispreferred response within various sequence types, and we demonstrate the cross-linguistic robustness of this practice: Through the focal multimodal assembly, respondents retrospectively mark the prior action as problematic and prospectively alert co-participants to incipient resistance to the constraints set out or to the stance conveyed by that action. By evidencing how grammar and body interface in related ways across a diverse set of languages, the findings open a window onto cross-linguistic, cross-modal, and cross-cultural consistencies in human interactional conduct.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Fonctionnement macro-syntaxique et dimension anaphorique des relatives produites post hoc : une analyse interactionnelle et multimodale
    Cet article examine l’usage des relatives incrémentées, produites post hoc, après des tours de parole potentiellement complets. L’analyse multimodale identifie les motivations fonctionnelles de ces relatives et décrit les aspects énonciatifs et pragmatiques soulignant leur fonctionnement macro-syntaxique. Ceci entraîne une réinterprétation de leur dimension anaphorique et du statut syntaxique de leur pronom introducteur, envisagé comme un connecteur macro-syntaxique lié à l’organisation des tours de parole et des actions qui les composent.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Grammaire-en-interaction: le potentiel praxéologique des relatives dans les conversations en français
    This paper offers an interactional linguistic account of the use of relative clauses (RCs) in French talkin- interaction. Drawing on 9 hrs of audio and video recorded conversations, this work investigates the use of RCs in two distinct syntactic patterns: a) [RC], where the RC forms a turn on its own and is produced by another speaker than that of the host turn; b) [noun phrase + RC] that is produced as a standalone segment, without being syntactically linked to any host turn or clause. Detailed sequential analyses show that participants use these two turn patterns in order to accomplish different actions: a) to take a stand on what has been previously said by another speaker; b) to accomplish membership categorization so as to emphasize the incongruity between their normative status and their actual behavior in the given circumstances. This paper stands thus as a contribution to recent discussions on the temporal and praxeological dimension of grammar in naturally occurring talk-interaction (see Thompson, Fox & Couper-Kuhlen 2015; Pekarek Doehler, De Stefani & Horlacher 2015 inter alia).
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Répétition et différenciation dans les reprises structurelles intégrant des relatives
    Drawing on a corpus of 5 hours of audio-recorded French talk-in-interaction, this paper addresses the issue of the role of structural repetitions integrating relative clauses in the organization of the interaction. Previous works on repetition have mainly focused on the study of specific sequential placements where different forms of repetition occurred. This paper provides a different insight into the study of repetition, by concentrating on a specific grammatical structure, the relative clause, throughout its sequentially and temporally deployed repetitions. Using the framework of interactional linguistics, this study shows that the structural repetitions integrating relative clauses bring about assimilation of one’s speech but also and foremost a difference that unfolds temporally, once with the deployment of turns at talk and that is constructed sequentially, being influenced by the ecology of its interactional environment. This paper presents thus an empirically grounded argument about the interlocutors’ use of relative clauses as resources for all practical purposes.