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Brunner, Philip

Nom
Brunner, Philip
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeur ordinaire
Email
philip.brunner@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/165
_
0000-0001-6304-6274

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    When Can Inverted Water Tables Occur Beneath Streams?
    (2014-5-18)
    Xie, Y. Q.
    ;
    Cook, Peter G.
    ;
    Brunner, Philip 
    ;
    Irvine, Dylan J.
    ;
    Simmons, Craig Trevor
    Decline in regional water tables (RWT) can cause losing streams to disconnect from underlying aquifers. When this occurs, an inverted water table (IWT) will develop beneath the stream, and an unsaturated zone will be present between the IWT and the RWT. The IWT marks the base of the saturated zone beneath the stream. Although a few prior studies have suggested the likelihood of an IWT without a clogging layer, most of them have assumed that a low-permeability streambed is required to reduce infiltration from surface water to groundwater, and that the IWT only occurs at the bottom of the low-permeability layer. In this study, we use numerical simulations to show that the development of an IWT beneath an unclogged stream is theoretically possible under steady-state conditions. For a stream width of 1m above a homogeneous and isotropic sand aquifer with a 47m deep RWT (measured in an observation point 20m away from the center of the stream), an IWT will occur provided that the stream depth is less than a critical value of 4.1m. This critical stream depth is the maximum water depth in the stream to maintain the occurrence of an IWT. The critical stream depth decreases with stream width. For a stream width of 6 m, the critical stream depth is only 1mm. Thus while theoretically possible, an IWT is unlikely to occur at steady state without a clogging layer, unless a stream is very narrow or shallow and the RWT is very deep.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Field assessment of surface water-groundwater connectivity in a semi-arid river basin (Murray-Darling, Australia)
    (2014-5-18)
    Lamontagne, S.
    ;
    Taylor, A. R.
    ;
    Cook, Peter G.
    ;
    Crosbie, R. S.
    ;
    Brownbill, R.
    ;
    Williams, R. M.
    ;
    Brunner, Philip 
    In semi-arid and arid river basins, understanding the connectivity between rivers and alluvial aquifers is one of the key challenges for the management of groundwater resources. The type of connection present (gaining, losing-connected, transitional and losing-disconnected) was assessed at 12 sites along six Murray-Darling Basin river reaches. The assessments were made by measuring the hydraulic head in the riparian zone near the rivers to evaluate if the water tables intersected the riverbeds and by measuring fluid pressure () in the riverbeds. The rationale for the latter was that will always be greater than or equal to zero under connected conditions (either losing or gaining) and always lesser than or equal to zero under losing-disconnected conditions. A mixture of losing-disconnected, losing-connected and gaining conditions was found among the 12 sites. The losing-disconnected sites all had a riverbed with a lower hydraulic conductivity than the underlying aquifer, usually in the form of a silty clay or clay unit 0.5-2m in thickness. The riparian water tables were 6 to 25m below riverbed level at the losing-disconnected sites but never lower than 1m below riverbed level at the losing-connected ones. The contrast in water table depth between connected and disconnected sites was attributed to the conditions at the time of the study, when a severe regional drought had generated a widespread decline in regional water tables. This decline was apparently compensated near losing-connected rivers by increased infiltration rates, while the decline could not be compensated at the losing-disconnected rivers because the infiltration rates were already maximal there. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Field assessment of surface water-groundwater connectivity in a semi-arid river basin (Murray-Darling, Australia)
    Lamontagne, SĂ©bastien
    ;
    Taylor, A. R
    ;
    Cook, Peter G
    ;
    Crosbie, R. S
    ;
    Brownbill, R
    ;
    Williams, R. M
    ;
    Brunner, Philip 
    In semi-arid and arid river basins, understanding the connectivity between rivers and alluvial aquifers is one of the key challenges for the management of groundwater resources. The type of connection present (gaining, losing-connected, transitional and losing-disconnected) was assessed at 12 sites along six Murray-Darling Basin river reaches. The assessments were made by measuring the hydraulic head in the riparian zone near the rivers to evaluate if the water tables intersected the riverbeds and by measuring fluid pressure (Ψ) in the riverbeds. The rationale for the latter was that will always be greater than or equal to zero under connected conditions (either losing or gaining) and always lesser than or equal to zero under losing-disconnected conditions. A mixture of losing-disconnected, losing-connected and gaining conditions was found among the 12 sites. The losing-disconnected sites all had a riverbed with a lower hydraulic conductivity than the underlying aquifer, usually in the form of a silty clay or clay unit 0.5-2m in thickness. The riparian water tables were 6 to 25m below riverbed level at the losing-disconnected sites but never lower than 1m below riverbed level at the losing-connected ones. The contrast in water table depth between connected and disconnected sites was attributed to the conditions at the time of the study, when a severe regional drought had generated a widespread decline in regional water tables. This decline was apparently compensated near losing-connected rivers by increased infiltration rates, while the decline could not be compensated at the losing-disconnected rivers because the infiltration rates were already maximal there. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.