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Bouzelboudjen, Mahmoud

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Bouzelboudjen, Mahmoud
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Ancien.ne collaborateur.trice
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https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/1079

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    TracES/View - Traçage des Eaux Souterraines : Application SIG en milieu karstique jurassien (Suisse)
    Bouzelboudjen, Mahmoud 
    ;
    Ornstein, Pascal
    ;
    Kimmeier, Francesco
    L'usage de traceurs artificiels est une méthode spécialement bien établie pour étudier les aquifères karstiques. Dans ce contexte, les traçages (avec des traceurs artificiels et biologiques) permettent de déterminer les limites des bassins versants, d'identifier la relation entre une perte et une résurgence, d'évaluer les phénomènes de diffluence, de déterminer le temps de transit, etc. Plus récemment les méthodes de traçage sont utilisées dans les études quantitatives de transport de polluant. Les essais de traçage prenant du temps et étant coûteux, une application (TracES/View) combinant les Systèmes d'Informations Géographiques (SIG) ArcInfo et ArcView, les deux couplés avec une base de données MS Access a été développée afin de planifier de façon efficace la réalisation de nouveaux essais de traçage. Une application utilisant ArcView, développée avec le language de programmation orienté-objets Avenue permet à des non-spécialistes en SIG d'accéder facilement aux éléments de la base de données des essais de traçage d'une manière graphique intuitive et interactive à l'écran. Utilisée conjointement avec d'autres cartes thématiques (la topographie, les surfaces structurales des formations géologiques, la délimitation des aquifères, les perméabilités, l'utilisation du sol, etc.), elle peut fournir un outil puissant d'aide à la décision pour la gestion des ressources en eaux souterraines., The use of artificial tracers is a specially well-established method to investigate karstic aquifers. In this case, tracing (artificial and biological tracers) enables to delimit watercatchment boundaries, to identify relation between a sinkhole and an outlet, to assess diffluent phenomena, transit time, etc. More recently tracer methods have been used in pollution transport studies. Tracer studies being time-consuming and expensive, an application (TracES/View) combining ArcInfo and ArcView Geographical Information Systems (GIS), both coupled with MSAccess database has been developped to provide an efficient way to plan the implementation and the planning of new tracer tests. An ArcView application developped with Avenue object-oriented scripting language allows GIS non-specialists to easily access data from tracer tests database in an interactive and intuitive way. Used in conjunction with other thematic maps (hydraulic conductivity, landuse, groundwater resources, and so on), it can provide a powerful decision-support tool for groundwater resources management.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Geohydrological parameters identification and groundwater vulnerability to pollution: A Swiss case study
    Kimmeier, Francesco
    ;
    Bouzelboudjen, Mahmoud 
    ;
    Ornstein, Pascal
    ;
    Weber, Isabelle
    ;
    Rouiller, Jean-Daniel
    The alluvial aquifer of the Rhône valley in Switzerland, which extends over 110 km and occupies an area of 256 km2, is of great economic importance. Its groundwaters are easily accessible and thus exploitable at low cost. However, its location in an often narrow valley with intense human activity (industry, agriculture, communications network) makes it particularly vulnerable from both a qualitative (industrial and\or agricultural pollution) and quantitative point of view (groundwater flow disturbance following civil engineering works). Since 1995, the Swiss canton of Valais has decided to compile datasets from a number of local studies (water supply, hydro-electricity, and geotechnical studies) into a regional, integrated hydrogeological framework. The realization of the study has shown the importance of GIS tool either for the computing and mapping of the first piezometric map between Brig and Léman Lake or the elaboration of vulnerability maps. The geostatistic tool was also intensively used all over the spatial treatment of data. The comparison of groundwaters NO3-- content (1985 and 1995), has shown that globally the nitrates content in the groundwater is low (< 30 mg/l for 90 % of samples). However it must be notice that the evolution of the NO3-- content degrades during time. The study of vulnerability to pollution for the aquifer situated between Sierre and Vétroz as shown significant differences between the four different methods used. As main results DRASTIC and SINTACS integrated methods are concentrated between Moderate and High vulnerability when NLFB and GOD intrinsic methods are concentrated between Very Low and Moderate vulnerability. Intrinsic methods have the tendency to minimize the vulnerability.