Optically nonlinear effects in intersubband transitions of GaN/AlN-based superlattice structures

We report optically nonlinear processes related to near-infrared intersubband transitions in short period GaN/AlN superlattices. The strong piezo- and pyroelectric effects in this material lead to intrinsic asymmetries in the electronic potential of the superlattice, and thus to strong nonlinearities of the optical susceptibility. Because of the large intersubband transition energy of nearly 1 eV and the short lifetime of excited electrons in the upper quantum state, these nonlinear effects can be exploited for the fabrication of room temperature operated high-frequency detectors in the telecommunication wavelength range. At the same time, saturation effects due to resonant two-photon absorption could be observed.