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Kergunteuil, Alan
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Kergunteuil, Alan
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Résultat de la recherche
Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 12
- PublicationAccès libre
- PublicationAccès libreTritrophic interactions follow phylogenetic escalation and climatic adaptation(2020-2-7)
; ; - PublicationAccès librePlant physical and chemical traits associated with herbivory in situ and under a warming treatment(2019-9-12)
; ; Pellissier, Loïc - PublicationAccès libreSoil nematode abundance and functional group composition at a global scale(2019-7-24)
; ; - PublicationAccès librePlant adaptation to different climates shapes the strengths of chemically-mediated tritrophic interactions(2019-6-24)
; - PublicationAccès libre
- PublicationAccès libreContrasting responses of above- and below-ground herbivore communities along elevation(2020-10-19)
; ; Pellissier, Loïc - PublicationAccès libreNovel trophic interactions under climate change promote alpine plant coexistence(2020-12-18)
; ; Pellissier, Loïc - PublicationRestriction temporaireEnvironmental gradients and the evolution of tri‐trophic interactions(2018-11-28)
; ; Long‐standing theory predicts herbivores and predators should drive selection for increased plant defences, such as the specific production of volatile organic compounds for attracting predators near the site of damage. Along elevation gradients, a general pattern is that herbivores and predators are abundant at low elevation and progressively diminish at higher elevations. To determine whether plant adaptation along such a gradient influences top‐down control of herbivores, we manipulated soil predatory nematodes, root herbivore pressure and plant ecotypes in a reciprocal transplant experiment. Plant survival was significantly higher for low‐elevation plants, but only when in the presence of predatory nematodes. Using olfactometer bioassays, we showed correlated differential nematode attraction and plant ecotype‐specific variation in volatile production. This study not only provides an assessment of how elevation gradients modulate the strength of trophic cascades, but also demonstrates how habitat specialisation drives variation in the expression of indirect plant defences. - PublicationAccès libreEarthworms affect plant growth and resistance against herbivores: A meta-analysis
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2. We tested for the effects of earthworms on plant growth, resistance and chemical defences against insect herbivores by performing a meta-analysis of the existing literature up to 2016. We also explored ecological factors that might explain among-studies variation in the magnitude of the earthworm effects on plant growth and resistance.
3. We found that earthworm presence increases plant growth (by 20%) and nitrogen content (by 11%). Overall, earthworms did not affect plant resistance against chewing herbivores (caterpillars, slugs and rootworms), and even led to a 22% decrease in plant resistance against phloem-feeding herbivores (aphids). However, earthworm presence increased production of chemical defences by 31% when plants where attacked by cell-feeders (thrips), and resulted in an 81% increase in resistance against thrips. The magnitude of earthworm effects was stronger when earthworm inoculations consisted of a mix of species and ecological types, and when densities of earthworms were high.
4. These results suggest that earthworm presence is an important factor underlying natural variation in plant defences against herbivores, and call for a better integration of the soil fauna in the studies of plant-herbivore interaction, both for applied and fundamental research.