Progress in the study of climatic extremes in northern and central Europe
R Heino, R Brazdil, E Forland, H Tuomenvirta, H Alexandersson, Martin Beniston, Christian Pfister, Martine Rebetez, G Rosenhagen, S Rosner & J Wibig
| Résumé |
A study of the long-term changes of various climatic extremes was
made jointly by a number of European countries. It was found that
the changes in maximum and minimum temperatures follow, in broad
terms, the corresponding well-documented mean temperature changes.
Minimum temperatures, however, have increased slightly more than
maximum temperatures, although both have increased. As a result,
the study confirms that the diurnal temperature range has mostly
decreased during the present century in Northern and Central
Europe. Frost has become less frequent. Two extreme-related
precipitation characteristics, the annual maximum daily
precipitation and the number of days with precipitation greater
than or equal to 10 mm, show no major trends or changes in their
interannual variability. An analysis of return periods indicated
that in the Nordic countries there were high frequencies of
'extraordinary' 1-day rainfalls both in the 1930s and since the
1980s. There have been no long-term changes in the number of high
wind speeds in the German Eight. Occurrences of thunderstorms and
hails show a decreasing tendency in the Czech Republic during the
last 50 years. Finally, using proxy data sources, a 500-year
temperature and precipitation event graph for the Swiss Mittelland
is presented. It shows large interdecadal variations as well as the
exceptionality of the latest decade 1986-1995. |
| Mots-clés |
MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, TRENDS, MAXIMUM, SERIES |
| Citation | Heino, R., Brazdil, R., Forland, E., Tuomenvirta, H., Alexandersson, H., Beniston, M., Pfister, C., Rebetez, M., Rosenhagen, G., Rosner, S., & Wibig, J. (1999). Progress in the study of climatic extremes in northern and central Europe. Climatic Change, 42(1), 151-181. |
| Type | Article de périodique (Français) |
| Date de publication | 1999 |
| Nom du périodique | Climatic Change |
| Volume | 42 |
| Numéro | 1 |
| Pages | 151-181 |